cUrl We use curl describe line integral along an infinitesimal small path of a vector which is Aodl=(V×A)·dl verysmalldosepath Where i j k 000 V×A= ax ay ox 8)Laplace operator We use the Laplace operator to describe the divergent of gradient of A scalar, which is V·Vf=V2f=△ 02f.02f,02f ax av 027)Curl We use curl describe line integral along an infinitesimal small path of a vector which is, A dl A da verysmallclosepath     • =  •  ( ) Ax Ay Az x y x i j k A        =     Where, 8) Laplace operator We use the Laplace operator to describe the divergent of gradient of A scalar, which is , 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 z f y f x f f f f   +   +   • =  =  =