EMOTION AND THE BRAIN 183 Pitk Con PitmanRK.OrSP. the 37:115-18 OhmanA.1992.Fear and anxiety as emotional Amsterdam:North nisms.See Lewis Hav- enting and classical conditioning in mon- basis of the Kluver-Bueysyndrome Ser.14:2 Fea conditioning h11g04 19612 Proc Nall.Acad.S Fo and Animal Emo Rogan U,LeDoux J.1997.Fea olateral potenti atthe light and 67-83 microscopic level .LeDou1995.LTP tio Rolls ET. 1992 P14365 Pavlov IP.1927.Condirioned Reflexes.New and Emotion.New ork-o Romanski L LeDoux JE.1992.Equ poten. 1ep1-1s ulus pathways.Neu IE 1992 Differentia contribution of amygdala and hipp am pus Romanski LM,LeDoux JE.1993.Information and co 10627485 EMOTION AND THE BRAIN 183 Nauta WJH, Karten HJ. 1970. A general profile of the vertebrate brain, with sidelights on the ancestry of cerebral cortex. See Schmitt 1970, pp. 7–26 Neisser U. 1967. Cognitive Psychology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Nicoll RA, Malenka RC. 1995. Contrasting properties of two forms of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Nature 377:115–18 O¨ hman A. 1992. Fear and anxiety as emotional phenomena: clinical, phenomenological, evolutionary perspectives, and informationprocessing mechanisms. See Lewis & Haviland, pp. 511–36 Ono T, Nishijo H. 1992. Neurophysiological basis of the Kluver-Bucy syndrome: responses of monkey amygdaloid neurons to biologically significant objects. See Aggleton 1992, pp. 167–90 Packard MG, Cahill L, McGaugh JL. 1994. Amygdala modulation of hippocampaldependent and caudate nucleus-dependent memory processes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:8477–81 Panksepp J. 1998. Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions. New York: Oxford Univ. Press Pare´ D, Smith Y, Pare´ JF. 1995. Intra-amygdaloid projections of the basolateral and basomedial nuclei in the cat: Phaseolus vulgaris–leucoagglutinin anterograde tracing at the light and electron microscopic level. Neuroscience 69:567–83 Pascoe JP, Kapp BS. 1985. Electrophysiological characteristics of amygdaloid central nucleus neurons during Pavlovian fear conditioning in the rabbit. Behav. Brain. Res. 16:117–33 Pavlov IP. 1927. Conditioned Reflexes. New York: Dover Phelps EA, Anderson AK. 1997. Emotional memory: What does the amygdala do? Curr. Biol. 7:311–14 Phillips RG, LeDoux JE. 1992. Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning. Behav. Neurosci. 106:274–85 Pitka¨nen A, Savander V, LeDoux JL. 1997. Organization of intra-amygdaloid circuitries: an emerging framework for understanding functions of the amygdala. Trends Neurosci. 20:517–23 Pitman RK, Orr SP. 1999. Post-traumatic stress disorder: emotion, conditioning, and memory. See Gazzaniga 1999. In press Pribram KH, Melges FT. 1969. Psychophysiological basis of emotion. In Handbook of Clinical Neurology, ed. PJ Vinken, GW Bruyn, pp. 316–42. Amsterdam: NorthHolland Publ. Pribram KH, Reitz S, McNeil M, Spevack AA. 1979. The effect of amygdalectomy on orienting and classical conditioning in monkeys. Pavlov. J. Biol. Sci. 14:203–17 Quirk GJ, Armony JL, LeDoux JE. 1997. Fear conditioning enhances different temporal components of toned-evoked spike trains in auditory cortex and lateral amygdala. Neuron 19:613–24 Quirk GJ, Repa JC, LeDoux JE. 1995. Fear conditioning enhances short-latency auditory responses of lateral amygdala neurons: parallel recordings in the freely behaving rat. Neuron 15:1029–39 Rogan M, Staubli U, LeDoux J. 1997. Fear conditioning induces associative long-term potentiation in the amygdala. Nature 390:604–7 Rogan MT, LeDoux JE. 1995. LTP is accompanied by commensurate enhancement of auditory—evoked responses in a fear conditioning circuit. Neuron 15:127–36 Rolls ET. 1992. Neurophysiology and functions of the primate amygdala. See Aggleton 1992, pp. 143–65 Rolls ET. 1999. The Brain and Emotion. New York: Oxford Univ. Press Romanski LM, LeDoux JE. 1992. Equipotentiality of thalamo-amygdala and thalamocortico-amygdala projections as auditory conditioned stimulus pathways. J. Neurosci. 12:4501–9 Romanski LM, LeDoux JE. 1993. Information cascade from primary auditory cortex to the amygdala: corticocortical and cortico-