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第17卷第4期 智能系统学报 Vol.17 No.4 2022年7月 CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems Jul.2022 D0:10.11992/tis.202110018 网络出版地址:https:/ns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/23.1538.TP.20220421.1530.007html 高层火灾智能报警及逃生指导系统 毕晓君,孙梓玮,刘进 (1.中央民族大学信息工程学院,北京100081;2.哈尔滨工程大学信息与通信工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150001) 摘要:现有高层火灾报警系统因报警滞后,缺乏火灾定位以及逃生引导,导致现场人员伤亡较大。为此,设计 了具有精准定位、高效报警以及智能逃生引导功能的火灾警报系统。通过TXW8301-WFi模块、火灾探测器和 语音单片构成节点设备,布控在建筑内各区域,可自动检测火灾发生,并第一时间在各楼层播报火灾位置及具 体的逃生指引路线,可以解决高层建筑距离远、隔断多造成因不知情、不清楚逃生路线而错失最佳逃生时机的 问题。除自动报警引导功能外,本系统通过对通道监控视频进行去烟补光和去噪处理,并基于深度学习算法进 行行人密度检测,可以根据逃生通道的拥堵情况进行多次逃生指导,最终所有信息将在系统总控界面显示,方 便统一救援指挥,可最大限度地降低火灾中的人员伤亡。 关键词:火灾报警系统;无线保真;火灾探测器:现场可编程逻辑门阵列:套接字:行人检测:中值滤波:同态滤波 中图分类号:TP277文献标志码:A文章编号:1673-4785(2022)04-0814-10 中文引用格式:毕晓君,孙梓玮,刘进.高层火灾智能报警及逃生指导系统.智能系统学报,2022,17(4):814-823. 英文引用格式:BI Xiaojun,SUN Ziwei,,LIU Jin..Intelligent fire alarm and escape guidance systems for highrise buildingsJl.CAAI transactions on intelligent systems,2022,17(4):814-823. Intelligent fire alarm and escape guidance systems for highrise buildings BI Xiaojun',SUN Ziwei',LIU Jin2 (1.School of Information Engineering,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China:2.Department of Information and Com- munication Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China) Abstract:Due to delayed alarms,lack of fire positioning,and lack of escape guidance,existing highrise fire alarm sys- tems caused large casualties on the scene.Thus,this paper designs a fire alarm system with precise positioning,high-ef- ficiency alarm,and intelligent escape guidance functions.It can be deployed in various areas of the building using the TXW8301-WiFi module,fire detector,and voice monolithic to form a node device,which can automatically detect the occurrence of a fire and broadcast the fire location and specific escape guidance routes on each floor as soon as possible, which can solve the problem of highrise buildings.Due to unknown and unclear escape routes,the long distance between buildings and many partitions causes the problem of missing the best time to escape.In addition to the automat- ic alarm guidance function,the system uses the channel monitoring video to remove smoke,add light and denoise,and perform pedestrian density detection based on deep learning algorithms.It can conduct multiple escape guidance accord- ing to the congestion of the escape channel,and finally,all the information will be displayed on the system's main con- trol interface to facilitate unified rescue command and minimize fire casualties. Keywords:fire alarm systems;wireless fidelity;fire detectors;field programmable gate array;socket;pedestrian detec- tion:median filtering:homomorphic filtering 随着城市建设的高速发展以及基建能力的提 因此高层建筑往往存在着较大的火灾隐患。近年 升,高层建筑越来越多。由于建设规模大、装修 来,我国高层建筑火灾呈逐年上升趋势,造成的 标准高、人员密集以及各种电气设备的频繁使用, 人员伤亡和经济损失触目惊心,仅2019年高楼层 收稿日期:2021-10-18.网络出版日期:2022-04-22 建筑火灾6874起,共死亡1335人。经分析,高层 通信作者:毕晓君.E-mail:bixiaojun@hrbeu.edu.cn 建筑造成人员伤亡的主要原因是由于楼层过高、DOI: 10.11992/tis.202110018 网络出版地址: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/23.1538.TP.20220421.1530.007.html 高层火灾智能报警及逃生指导系统 毕晓君1 ,孙梓玮1 ,刘进2 (1. 中央民族大学 信息工程学院,北京 100081; 2. 哈尔滨工程大学 信息与通信工程学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001) 摘 要:现有高层火灾报警系统因报警滞后,缺乏火灾定位以及逃生引导,导致现场人员伤亡较大。为此,设计 了具有精准定位、高效报警以及智能逃生引导功能的火灾警报系统。通过 TXW8301-WiFi 模块、火灾探测器和 语音单片构成节点设备,布控在建筑内各区域,可自动检测火灾发生,并第一时间在各楼层播报火灾位置及具 体的逃生指引路线,可以解决高层建筑距离远、隔断多造成因不知情、不清楚逃生路线而错失最佳逃生时机的 问题。除自动报警引导功能外,本系统通过对通道监控视频进行去烟补光和去噪处理,并基于深度学习算法进 行行人密度检测,可以根据逃生通道的拥堵情况进行多次逃生指导,最终所有信息将在系统总控界面显示,方 便统一救援指挥,可最大限度地降低火灾中的人员伤亡。 关键词:火灾报警系统;无线保真;火灾探测器;现场可编程逻辑门阵列;套接字;行人检测;中值滤波;同态滤波 中图分类号:TP277 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1673−4785(2022)04−0814−10 中文引用格式:毕晓君, 孙梓玮, 刘进. 高层火灾智能报警及逃生指导系统 [J]. 智能系统学报, 2022, 17(4): 814–823. 英文引用格式:BI Xiaojun, SUN Ziwei, LIU Jin. Intelligent fire alarm and escape guidance systems for highrise buildings[J]. CAAI transactions on intelligent systems, 2022, 17(4): 814–823. Intelligent fire alarm and escape guidance systems for highrise buildings BI Xiaojun1 ,SUN Ziwei1 ,LIU Jin2 (1. School of Information Engineering, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Department of Information and Com￾munication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China) Abstract: Due to delayed alarms, lack of fire positioning, and lack of escape guidance, existing highrise fire alarm sys￾tems caused large casualties on the scene. Thus, this paper designs a fire alarm system with precise positioning, high-ef￾ficiency alarm, and intelligent escape guidance functions. It can be deployed in various areas of the building using the TXW8301-WiFi module, fire detector, and voice monolithic to form a node device, which can automatically detect the occurrence of a fire and broadcast the fire location and specific escape guidance routes on each floor as soon as possible, which can solve the problem of highrise buildings. Due to unknown and unclear escape routes, the long distance between buildings and many partitions causes the problem of missing the best time to escape. In addition to the automat￾ic alarm guidance function, the system uses the channel monitoring video to remove smoke, add light and denoise, and perform pedestrian density detection based on deep learning algorithms. It can conduct multiple escape guidance accord￾ing to the congestion of the escape channel, and finally, all the information will be displayed on the system’s main con￾trol interface to facilitate unified rescue command and minimize fire casualties. Keywords: fire alarm systems; wireless fidelity; fire detectors; field programmable gate array; socket; pedestrian detec￾tion; median filtering; homomorphic filtering 随着城市建设的高速发展以及基建能力的提 升,高层建筑越来越多。由于建设规模大、装修 标准高、人员密集以及各种电气设备的频繁使用, 因此高层建筑往往存在着较大的火灾隐患。近年 来,我国高层建筑火灾呈逐年上升趋势,造成的 人员伤亡和经济损失触目惊心,仅 2019 年高楼层 建筑火灾 6 874 起,共死亡 1 335 人。经分析,高层 建筑造成人员伤亡的主要原因是由于楼层过高、 收稿日期:2021−10−18. 网络出版日期:2022−04−22. 通信作者:毕晓君. E-mail:bixiaojun@hrbeu.edu.cn. 第 17 卷第 4 期 智 能 系 统 学 报 Vol.17 No.4 2022 年 7 月 CAAI Transactions on Intelligent Systems Jul. 2022
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