2. What should be included in an abstract Only those parts that are related to the nature of scientific inquiry and the needs of research scientists: 1.e 1)Research objective(s) (2) Methods (3 Results (4) Conclusions It is helpful to state the purpose or objective(s) of th research in the first sentence. The abstract can then begin directly with the methods involved followed by the results obtained Since the results are what the scientists are most interested in, the major part of the abstract may be given to results The abstract may then end with the conclusions(note: Discussion is not included in the abstract An abstract normally is 200-250 words in length(vary from Journal to Journal), while a summary may contain up to 500 words 3. Graphical Abstracts For some international journals e.g. Organic and Inorganic Chemistry(e.g. Inorg anic Chemistry, The Journal oforganic Chemistry, Tetrahedron letters etc) and local Chinese2 2. What should be included in an Abstract Only those parts that are related to the nature of scientific inquiry and the needs of research scientists: i.e. (1) Research objective(s) (2) Methods (3) Results (4) Conclusions It is helpful to state the purpose or objective(s) of the research in the first sentence. The abstract can then begin directly with the methods involved followed by the results obtained. Since the results are what the scientists are most interested in, the major part of the abstract may be given to results. The abstract may then end with the conclusions (note: Discussion is not included in the abstract !) An abstract normally is 200-250 words in length (vary from Journal to Journal), while a summary may contain up to 500 words. 3. Graphical Abstracts For some international journals e.g. Organic and Inorganic Chemistry (e.g. Inorganic Chemistry, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Tetrahedron Letters etc) and local Chinese