Measures of Participation in Global Value Chains and Global business cycles Introduction To provide a framework to decompose production activities into different types Pure domestic Traditional final goods trade Simple production sharing(only I border crossing) Complex production sharing (at least 2 border crossings) d Use ICio table to classify the factor embedded in various products into GVC and non- GVC activities based on whether they cross national borders for production or not Forward linkage: Producer's perspective Backward linkage: User's perspective d To propose a set of GVC participation indexesIntroduction ◼ To provide a framework to decompose production activities into different types. ➢ Pure domestic ➢ Traditional final goods trade ➢ Simple production sharing (only 1 border crossing) ➢ Complex production sharing (at least 2 border crossings) ◼ Use ICIO table to classify the factor embedded in various products into GVC and non￾GVC activities based on whether they cross national borders for production or not. ➢ Forward linkage: Producer’s perspective ➢ Backward linkage: User’s perspective ◼ To propose a set of GVC participation indexes. Measures of Participation in Global Value Chains and Global Business Cycles