gastric secretion: acetlcholine, gastrin and histamine; regulation of gastric secretion including cephalic, gastric and intestinal phases. inhibitory regulation of gastric secretion. understand gastric motility, gastric receptive relaxation, gastric peristalsis gastric emptying, regulation of gastric emptying 4. Digestion in Small Intestine: master pancreatic and bile secretion: composition and actions of pancreatic juice and bile, regulation of pancreatic and bile secretion understand composition, functions and regulation of small intestinal secretion motility of small intestine: tonic contraction, segmentation contraction, peristalsis and regulation; composition and function of the bile, gallbladder emptying and the regulation 5. Digestion in Large Intestine: master the types of colon movement and the defecation haustrations-mixing movement, peristalsis and mass movement, defecation Chapter 7 Energy Metabolism and Body Temperature Purpose and requirement 1. To understand the processes of energy metabolism, the principles of measurement of energy metabolism. 2. To master the concept of basic metabolic rate and factors affecting metabolic rate 3. To master normal changes in body temperature and measurement of body temperature and the mechanisms of thermoregulation Teaching contents Part I Energy metabolism 1. The source of energy and its transfer 2. Principle of measurement of energy metabolism: direct calorimetry, indirect calorimetry. 3. Factors affecting energy metabolism: muscle contraction environment temperaturegastric secretion: acetlcholine, gastrin and histamine; regulation of gastric secretion including cephalic, gastric and intestinal phases. inhibitory regulation of gastric secretion. understand gastric motility, gastric receptive relaxation, gastric peristalsis, gastric emptying, regulation of gastric emptying 4. Digestion in Small Intestine: master pancreatic and bile secretion: composition and actions of pancreatic juice and bile, regulation of pancreatic and bile secretion. understand composition, functions and regulation of small intestinal secretion; motility of small intestine: tonic contraction, segmentation contraction, peristalsis and regulation; composition and function of the bile, gallbladder emptying and the regulation 5. Digestion in Large Intestine: master the types of colon movement and the defecation, haustrations-mixing movement, peristalsis and mass movement, defecation. Chapter 7 Energy Metabolism and Body Temperature Purpose and requirement 1. To understand the processes of energy metabolism, the principles of measurement of energy metabolism. 2. To master the concept of basic metabolic rate and factors affecting metabolic rate 3. To master normal changes in body temperature and measurement of body temperature, and the mechanisms of thermoregulation. Teaching contents Part I Energy metabolism 1. The source of energy and its transfer 2. Principle of measurement of energy metabolism: direct calorimetry, indirect calorimetry. 3. Factors affecting energy metabolism: muscle contraction, environment temperature