I5SN0368-6396 CONTENTS CN31-1385/N FRONTIER SCIENCE 4 What does the Digital Medicine Bring Us Tang Lei,Gu Dongyun,et al. A new medical discipline is going with the new applications of medical equipment and new treatment technology, especially surgical procedures using improving digital medical technology.It will lead modem medicine towards (KEXUE) the directions of personalization,accurate and minimal invasion and remote control. 8 Research about the Cross-Species Transmission of Influenza A Viruses Zhung Hong,Xu Ke,et al. Bimonthly (Since 1915) Influenza A virus is an important pathogen to human and animals,and it causes annual or occasional pandemics. Vol.64,No.4 This article summarizes current scientific findings on cross-species transmission of influenza A viruses,especially on some viral proteins that contribute to cross-species transmission. 11 On Safety of Stem Cell-based Therapies Wang Yi,Le Weidong Stem cell therapy offers bright prospect in the treatment of many incurable diseases in the past.This report describes Zhou Guangzhao in detail the hurdes have to be overcome before stemce-based therapy reality. 14 Inorganic Mineralization in Life Activity and its Environmental Effects President of Editorial Board Lu Anhuai,Wang Changiu,et al Inorganic minerals are often generated during life activities,and this process iscalled biomineralization.With advantages of frontier technologies,biomineralization can be observed and analyzed in broader aspects and its mechanism will be recognized andunderstood morecomprehensively. 18 HI Holes in External Galaxies Zhao Junliang Observations of neutral hydrogen (HI)in nearby galaxies have shown there are holes with different sizes and morphology in interstellar medium,which are referred to HI holes.Many researches have heen done on structure,properties,statistics and formation mechanism of HI holes. ORIGIN DEVELOPMENT 22 History of Neuroscience Chen Yizhang This article briefly reviews the major historical events that contributed to the foundation of neuroscience,as well as the recent developments and the unsolved problems. 27 Alan Turing-A British Boy who Started the Era of Computer and Reversed the War Publisher Wang Shanping Shanghai Scientific and This year is the 100th anniversary of the birth of Alan Turing a great British mathematieian.the founder of Technical Publishers computer science and a code breaker hero during World War II.A brief biography of him was given in this article. 32 In Memory of Gregor Mendel:the Founding Father of Modern Genetics Fu Jiliang (htp:∥www.sstp.cn) Mendel was known for his famous experiments with crossbreeding plants pisum sativum.By formulating the Office hereditary laws,he laid the foundations of genetics.The article is a commentary on Mendel's career and 71 Qinzhou Nan Road, scientific merits. Shanghai 200235,P.R.C. 36 World Scientific Center Shifts to US Zhang Jian (http://www.kexuemag.com) After many scientists had fled Europe and settled down in US in the late 1930s,US become the world E-mail scientifie center. kexue3@kexuemag.com FORUM kexuemag@astp.cn 43 The Scientific Quest for Consciousness Gu Fanji Fax A brief history of the consciousness studies with neuroscience approaches is reviewed in this essay. 86-21-64848368 Especially,a framework proposed by Francis Crick and Christof Koch,and the dynamic core hypotheses given Telephone by Gerald Edelman and Giulio Tononi are emphasized.The possibilities of the consciousness of other animals 86-21-64848368 and machine consciousness are also discussed. 47 Study on the Trends of Carbon Emissions in China and US Distributor Liu Xiao,Peng Yongming.et ul. In this artile,the authors use the dynamic model of carbon emissions to predict the energy carbon emissions China International Book in China and US from 2009 to 2050.The results are analyzed in detail. Trading Corporation 51 What is the Mainstream Development of Geography in China Han Guang.Zhang Guifang (P.O.Box 399,Beijing) Geography primarily explores characteristics and laws of spatial distribution of land surface entities,and their Code Number genesis and development.The fundamental criteria to determine the mainstream development of geography in BM1188 China during a certain period are mainly composed of regional analysis and historie serutiny. Date of Publication NATIONAL CONDITIONS 2012-7-25 56 The Worried Situation of Soil Pollution in China Zhen Yuqin This article outlines the serious situation of soil pollution in China and puts forward several suggestions for China's soil pollution control and restoration. ?1994-2015 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.http://www.cnki.net