Environmental microbiology, in comparison, relates primarily to all-over microbial processes that occur in a soil, water or food, as examples. It is not concerned with he particular microenvironment where the microorganisms actually are functioning. but with the broader-scale effects of microbial presence and activitiesEnvironmental microbiology, in comparison, relates primarily to all- over microbial processes that occur in a soil, water or food, as examples. It is not concerned with the particular microenvironment where the microorganisms actually are functioning, but with the broader-scale effects of microbial presence and activities