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第9期 石琳等:冷却水管表面合金化球墨铸铁冷却壁的热应力和热变形 .947 生和扩展,从而导致冷却壁破损,为了保持高炉 起变形的,为了控制冷却壁的热变形,可将铸铁冷 15~20a寿命,高炉的高热负荷区应该使用铜冷却 却壁制成具有一定弧度、向冷面微凸的形状, 壁12],在热负荷低于75kWm-2且热负荷波动较小 (5)相同温度条件下,边缘为自由边界的壁体 的区域使用合金化管铸铁冷却壁,以实现高炉整体 热应力最小,壁体热变形最大:炉温越高,壁体热应 炉型长寿的思想,这就是一种“自分区冷却”的思想, 力及热变形越大;渣皮的存在,降低了壁体的温度, 另外,为了延长高炉寿命,合金化管铸铁冷却壁应该 提高了壁体的强度,延长了冷却壁的使用寿命 取代普通涂层铸铁冷却壁, 参考文献 3结论 [1]薛庆国,高小武,程素森.冷却壁高炉炉培温度场的数值模拟 北京科技大学学报,2000,22(2):127 (1)合金化管铸铁冷却壁壁体与冷却水的综合 [2]程素森,薛庆国,苍大强,等,高炉冷却壁的传热学分析钢铁, 换热系数在1465~1674Wm-2.℃-1之间,远远大 1999,34(5):12 于普通涂层冷却壁, [3]程素森,杨天钧高炉炉墙热负荷的传热学分析和研究钢铁 研究学报,2002,14(2):5 (2)铸铁冷却壁热面是否处于屈服状态是评价 [】王碧琴,张艳梅,王厉刚,高炉铸铁冷却壁钢管处理新工艺 铸铁冷却壁能否长寿的一个重要指标,为此提出了 鞍钢技术,2003(3):38 [5]伊藤史生,花房章次,竹井良夫.Development of a stave cooler 衡量长寿俦铁冷却壁冷却能力的新概念一“高周 with high stability of blast furnace's working profile and without 热负荷”.铸铁冷却壁在该热负荷下工作,不仅热面 brick laying work.铁上钢,1992,78(7):l179 温度低于铸铁相变温度,而且热面应力低于铸铁屈 [6]宋阳升长寿高炉冷却及炉衬技术研究[学位论文]北京:北京 科技大学,2001 服点,合金化管铸铁冷却壁高周热负荷为75 [7]张先棹.冶金传输原理.北京:冶金工业出版社,1988:10 kW一?,普通涂层铸铁冷却壁的高周热负荷为 [8]石琳,程素森,冯力冷却水管表面合金化球墨铸铁冷却壁的热 39kWm-2 态实验研究·炼铁,2006,25(2):26 [9]吴俐俊,程惠尔,钱中.冷却水管管形变化下的高炉冷却壁传热 (③)在高炉上安装铸铁冷却壁,以自由边界条 分析.钢铁,2005,40(5):15 件下的最大变形量作为相邻冷却壁之间预留膨胀间 [10]Hebel R.Steiger R.Streuber C.Advanced materials for the 隙的依据,从而达到减小壁体热应力的目的,为了 blast furnace lining in regard to long service life,reasonable cost and their theoretical qualification.Ironmaking Conf Proc. 缓解定位销的热应力,必须在定位销与冷却壁、定位 1994,53,397 销与炉皮、冷却水管与炉皮开孔间留有足够的间隙, [11】原田昭治,小林俊朗,球墨铸铁的强度分析,于春田,译,沈 以适应冷却壁受热后的膨胀, 阳:东北大学出版社,2002 [12]石琳,程素森,张利君高炉铜冷却壁热变形研究.中国有色金 (4)一般情况下,高炉内的冷却壁是向热面凸 属学报,2005,15(12):2040 Thermal stress and thermal distortion of cast iron cooling stave with surface alloyed cooling water pipes SHI Lin2),CHENG Susen2),FENG Li),SHEN Meng3) 1)Mathematics and Physics School,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology.Baotou 014010.China 2)Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School.University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083.China 3)Shilin (Luohe)Metallurgical Equipment Co.Ltd.,Luohe 462000,China ABSTRACI In order to meet the needs of prolonging the life of a blast furnace,a cast iron cooling stave with high performance was developed.The thermal boundary condition of the cast iron cooling stave with surface-al- loyed cooling water pipes for numerical simulation of temperature field was determined by the use of hot test da- ta.The commercial software ANSYS and the heat-structure coupling method were used to analyze the influence of furnace temperature,slag crust,edge contact pressure on the thermal stress and thermal deformation of the cast iron cooling stave under high temperature condition.Effective measures were used to reduce the thermal stress of the cooling stave and control its thermal deformation.The new concept of high cycle heat loading, which evaluates the cooling capacity of cast iron cooling staves,was presented based on the strength analysis the- ory of spheroidal graphite iron. KEY WORDS blast furnace;cast iron cooling stave;heat stress;heat loading生和扩展‚从而导致冷却壁破损.为了保持高炉 15~20a 寿命‚高炉的高热负荷区应该使用铜冷却 壁[12]‚在热负荷低于75kW·m -2且热负荷波动较小 的区域使用合金化管铸铁冷却壁‚以实现高炉整体 炉型长寿的思想‚这就是一种“自分区冷却”的思想. 另外‚为了延长高炉寿命‚合金化管铸铁冷却壁应该 取代普通涂层铸铁冷却壁. 3 结论 (1) 合金化管铸铁冷却壁壁体与冷却水的综合 换热系数在1465~1674W·m -2·℃-1之间‚远远大 于普通涂层冷却壁. (2) 铸铁冷却壁热面是否处于屈服状态是评价 铸铁冷却壁能否长寿的一个重要指标‚为此提出了 衡量长寿铸铁冷却壁冷却能力的新概念———“高周 热负荷”.铸铁冷却壁在该热负荷下工作‚不仅热面 温度低于铸铁相变温度‚而且热面应力低于铸铁屈 服点.合 金 化 管 铸 铁 冷 却 壁 高 周 热 负 荷 为 75 kW·m -2‚普通涂层铸铁冷却壁的高周热负荷为 39kW·m -2. (3) 在高炉上安装铸铁冷却壁‚以自由边界条 件下的最大变形量作为相邻冷却壁之间预留膨胀间 隙的依据‚从而达到减小壁体热应力的目的.为了 缓解定位销的热应力‚必须在定位销与冷却壁、定位 销与炉皮、冷却水管与炉皮开孔间留有足够的间隙‚ 以适应冷却壁受热后的膨胀. (4) 一般情况下‚高炉内的冷却壁是向热面凸 起变形的.为了控制冷却壁的热变形‚可将铸铁冷 却壁制成具有一定弧度、向冷面微凸的形状. (5) 相同温度条件下‚边缘为自由边界的壁体 热应力最小‚壁体热变形最大;炉温越高‚壁体热应 力及热变形越大;渣皮的存在‚降低了壁体的温度‚ 提高了壁体的强度‚延长了冷却壁的使用寿命. 参 考 文 献 [1] 薛庆国‚高小武‚程素森.冷却壁高炉炉墙温度场的数值模拟. 北京科技大学学报‚2000‚22(2):127 [2] 程素森‚薛庆国‚苍大强‚等.高炉冷却壁的传热学分析.钢铁‚ 1999‚34(5):12 [3] 程素森‚杨天钧.高炉炉墙热负荷的传热学分析和研究.钢铁 研究学报‚2002‚14(2):5 [4] 王碧琴‚张艳梅‚王厉刚.高炉铸铁冷却壁钢管处理新工艺. 鞍钢技术‚2003(3):38 [5] 伊藤史生‚花房章次‚竹井良夫.Development of a stave cooler with high stability of blast furnace’s working profile and without brick laying work.铁と钢‚1992‚78(7):1179 [6] 宋阳升.长寿高炉冷却及炉衬技术研究[学位论文].北京:北京 科技大学‚2001 [7] 张先棹.冶金传输原理.北京:冶金工业出版社‚1988:10 [8] 石琳‚程素森‚冯力.冷却水管表面合金化球墨铸铁冷却壁的热 态实验研究.炼铁‚2006‚25(2):26 [9] 吴俐俊‚程惠尔‚钱中.冷却水管管形变化下的高炉冷却壁传热 分析.钢铁‚2005‚40(5):15 [10] Hebel R‚Steiger R‚Streuber C.Advanced materials for the blast furnace lining in regard to long service life‚reasonable cost and their theoretical qualification. Ironmaking Conf Proc‚ 1994‚53:397 [11] 原田昭治‚小林俊朗.球墨铸铁的强度分析.于春田‚译.沈 阳:东北大学出版社‚2002 [12] 石琳‚程素森‚张利君.高炉铜冷却壁热变形研究.中国有色金 属学报‚2005‚15(12):2040 Thermal stress and thermal distortion of cast iron cooling stave with surface-alloyed cooling water pipes SHI L in 1‚2)‚CHENG Susen 2)‚FENG L i 3)‚SHEN Meng 3) 1) Mathematics and Physics School‚Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology‚Baotou014010‚China 2) Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School‚University of Science and Technology Beijing‚Beijing100083‚China 3) Shilin (Luohe) Metallurgical Equipment Co.Ltd.‚Luohe462000‚China ABSTRACT In order to meet the needs of prolonging the life of a blast furnace‚a cast iron cooling stave with high performance was developed.The thermal boundary condition of the cast iron cooling stave with surface-al￾loyed cooling water pipes for numerical simulation of temperature field was determined by the use of hot test da￾ta.The commercial software ANSYS and the heat-structure coupling method were used to analyze the influence of furnace temperature‚slag crust‚edge contact pressure on the thermal stress and thermal deformation of the cast iron cooling stave under high-temperature condition.Effective measures were used to reduce the thermal stress of the cooling stave and control its thermal deformation.The new concept of high cycle heat loading‚ which evaluates the cooling capacity of cast iron cooling staves‚was presented based on the strength analysis the￾ory of spheroidal graphite iron. KEY WORDS blast furnace;cast iron cooling stave;heat stress;heat loading 第9期 石 琳等: 冷却水管表面合金化球墨铸铁冷却壁的热应力和热变形 ·947·
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