矿物岩石地球化学通报 油气流体及成岩作用 Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry Vol 25 No. 1 Jan 2006 油气包裹体在油气地质研究中的应用 概念、分类、形成机制及研究意义 潘立银2,倪培,欧光习2,丁俊英 1.南京大学成矿作用国家重点实验室地质流体研究所地球科学系,南京210093;2.核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029 摘要油气包裹体已成为油气成藏研究的有力工具,在划分油气运移充注期次、确定油气藏的形成时间、反映油气的成熟度及 来源等方面均有重要的应用价值。近年来,利用油气包裹体及其共生的盐水溶液包裹体估算油气藏形成时的pT条件是油气 包裹体研究中的一个新热点,它为更准确地计算油气藏形成的温度压力条件提供了一种独立的、更准确的技术手段。研究表 明,包裹体岩相学和流体体系的热力学研究仍将是今后的发展重点。油气包裹体的pr模拟技术尚处于初始阶段,两种软件 ( V'TFlinc和FIT)的准确性和精确性虽有待进一步提高,但己经成为今后一个重要的发展方向 关键词:油气包裹体;油气地质:捕获温度-压力;pT模拟 中图分类号:P618.130.1文献标识码:A文章编号:10072802(2006)0-001910 Application of Organic Inclusion Study in Petroleum Geology Conception, Classif ication, Formtion Mechanism and Significance PAN Lryin, NI Pei, oU Guang-xi, DIN GJ urrying I. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Depasits Research, Institute of Geof luid Research, De partment of Earth Science Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; 2. Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China Abstract: The st udy of petroleum inclusions, which has been made great progress in last 20 years, has played very impor- nt role in the evaluation of potential petroleum system. Because of its unique feature, it has become an effective tool for determining the oil migration and accumulation histories, the formation time of the oil reservoirs and the source and matur rity of oil. The most significant progress recently in petroleum inclusion research field is pV T modeling, which could esti- mate the trapping p T conditions of petroleum by using isochors intersection of coeval petroleum inclusions and aqueous in clusions. This technique could provide an independent and more accurate way for appraising the formation environment (trapping pressure and temperature)and compositional evol ution history of petroleum system. Although the pVT model ing is still in its early stage as the present precision and accuracy of two kinds of software(VTFlinc and FIT) needs to be mproved, it will be more and more applied to the quantitative analysis of petroleum reservoir formation by combining with traditional fluic-incl usion petrography and thermodynamic study Key words petroleum inclusion; petroleum geology, trapping temperature pressure, pl T modeling 包裹体含有丰富的成岩成矿信息,因而被广泛代的工作均有报道,甚至太古代和元古代的地层中 应用于确定成岩成矿流体的性质、形成条件与形成也有烃类生成和运移的包裹体证据112。西澳 时代。流体包裹体研究也是当前地质流体研究的主 Pilbara克拉通太古代砂岩(3000Ma)中的油气包裹 要内容之一18。油气包裹体的研究虽然起步较体是迄今发现的最古老的油气包裹体,年轻沉积 晚9,但是最近二十多年来正以其特殊性日益受到盆地中油气包裹体更是屡见不鲜 石油地质学家的重视,成为研究油气成藏机理的一 油气包裹体研究已经广泛应用于油气勘探,在 种有效方法02。油气包裹体应用于不同地质时盆地模拟和油气地质研究中发挥着重要的作用11 收稿日期:20051123收到,200601-04改回 第一作者简介:潘立银(1981→,男硕士研究生,从事油气包裹体与石油地质研究工作.通讯作者:倪培.上nail: pein@u.edu.c 201994-2007chinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net矿物岩石地球化学通报 ·油气流体及成岩作用 · Bulletin of Mineralogy ,Petrology and Geochemistry Vol. 25 No. 1 ,Jan. 2006 收稿日期:2005211223 收到 ,2006201204 改回 第一作者简介: 潘立银(1981 —) ,男 ,硕士研究生 ,从事油气包裹体与石油地质研究工作. 通讯作者: 倪培. E2mail : peini @nju. edu. cn. 油气包裹体在油气地质研究中的应用 ———概念、分类、形成机制及研究意义 潘立银1 ,2 , 倪 培1 , 欧光习2 , 丁俊英1 1. 南京大学 成矿作用国家重点实验室 ,地质流体研究所 ,地球科学系 ,南京 210093 ;2. 核工业 北京地质研究院 ,北京 100029 摘 要 :油气包裹体已成为油气成藏研究的有力工具 ,在划分油气运移充注期次、确定油气藏的形成时间、反映油气的成熟度及 来源等方面均有重要的应用价值。近年来 ,利用油气包裹体及其共生的盐水溶液包裹体估算油气藏形成时的 pV T 条件是油气 包裹体研究中的一个新热点 ,它为更准确地计算油气藏形成的温度2压力条件提供了一种独立的、更准确的技术手段。研究表 明 ,包裹体岩相学和流体体系的热力学研究仍将是今后的发展重点。油气包裹体的 pV T 模拟技术尚处于初始阶段 ,两种软件 (VTFlinc 和 FIT)的准确性和精确性虽有待进一步提高 ,但已经成为今后一个重要的发展方向。 关 键 词 :油气包裹体 ;油气地质 ;捕获温度2压力 ; pV T 模拟 中图分类号 :P618. 130. 1 文献标识码:A 文章编号 :100722802 (2006) 0120019210 Application of Organic Inclusion Study in Petroleum Geology - Conception, Classification,Formation Mechanism and Significance PAN Li2yin 1 ,2 , NI Pei 1 , OU Guang2xi 2 , DIN GJ un2ying 1 1. State Key L aboratory f or Mineral Deposits Research , Institute of Geof lui d Research , Department of Earth Science , Nanjing Universit y , Nanjing 210093 , China; 2. Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology , Beijing 100029 , China Abstract :The study of petroleum inclusions , which has been made great progress in last 20 years , has played very impor2 tant role in the evaluation of potential petroleum system. Because of its unique feature , it has become an effective tool for determining the oil migration and accumulation histories , the formation time of the oil reservoirs and the source and matu2 rity of oil. The most significant progress recently in petroleum inclusion research field is pV T modeling ,which could esti2 mate the trapping p2T conditions of petroleum by using isochors intersection of coeval petroleum inclusions and aqueous in2 clusions. This technique could provide an independent and more accurate way for appraising the formation environment (trapping pressure and temperature) and compositional evolution history of petroleum system. Although the pV T model2 ing is still in its early stage as the present precision and accuracy of two kinds of software (VTFlinc and FIT) needs to be improved , it will be more and more applied to the quantitative analysis of petroleum reservoir formation by combining with traditional fluid2inclusion petrography and thermodynamic study. Key words :petroleum inclusion ; petroleum geology ; trapping temperature & pressure ; pV T modeling 包裹体含有丰富的成岩成矿信息 ,因而被广泛 应用于确定成岩成矿流体的性质、形成条件与形成 时代。流体包裹体研究也是当前地质流体研究的主 要内容之一[1～8 ] 。油气包裹体的研究虽然起步较 晚[9 ] ,但是最近二十多年来正以其特殊性日益受到 石油地质学家的重视 ,成为研究油气成藏机理的一 种有效方法[10～22 ] 。油气包裹体应用于不同地质时 代的工作均有报道 ,甚至太古代和元古代的地层中 也有烃类生成和运移的包裹体证据[ 23～26 ] 。西澳 Pilbara 克拉通太古代砂岩(3000 Ma) 中的油气包裹 体[23 ]是迄今发现的最古老的油气包裹体 ,年轻沉积 盆地中油气包裹体更是屡见不鲜。 油气包裹体研究已经广泛应用于油气勘探 ,在 盆地模拟和油气地质研究中发挥着重要的作用[27 ]