第8期 侯陇刚等：铸态和沉积态A一25S5Fe一3Cu合金的显微组织与相形成 。1011。 表2沉积态A一25S一5F一3Cu合金在熔化和凝固过程中可能发生的反应 Table 2 Possible reactions of the spray-formed A2i5Fe-3Cu alby during melting and solidification processes 过程 峰位 温度/K 反应 ① 791-798 AHSi+B-AlsFeSi+0-AbCu+L AH0A2Cu→L ② 804-813 AHB-AlsFeSi+-0-AlCu+L+AbCuFe L+&-Al FeSiz+L+B-AlFeSi 加热 AHSi+B-Al,FSi→L ③ 816-858 AH AbCu2Fe+-AlsFeSiL+Al FeSi ④ 878-887 L+B-AlsFeSiL+-Al FeSi? ⑤ 982-1028 L+Al4FSi2→L ⑥ 1036-1094 L+Si→L ① 1076-1062 L-Si ⑧ 997-966 L→&Al4feSi2 冷却 ⑨ 831-801 L→A+Si+B-AlsFeSi 0 789-769 L-AHSi+8-AlsFeSi+-0-AlCu 相变为尺寸小于10m的近球状和短棒状组织，而 [5 Hunt W H.New directions in aluminium-based P/M materials for 这种组织的细化主要是由于雾化熔滴颗粒之间的相 automotive applications.Int J Powder Metall,2000.36(6):51 [6 Ye HZ.An overview of the devebpment of A-Si alloy hased ma 互碰撞以及雾化熔滴颗粒与沉积体表面糊状层之间 terial for engine applications.J Mater Eng Perform.2003.12 的冲击破碎引起的. (3):288 (2)铸态合金中的含铁相主要以GAl4FSi2相 [7 Gomes R M,SatoT.Tezuka H.et al Precipitation behavior of 为主，而沉积态合金中却以B-AlsFeSi相为主，这主 P/M hypereutectic AHSiCu-Mg alloys containing Fe an Ni. 要是由于糊状层的出现致使沉积坯冷却速率大大降 Mater Trans JIM,1998.39(3):357 低，从而引起GAl4FeSi23-AlsFeSi的转变及共晶 [8 Crepea P N.Effects of iron in A-Si casting alloys:a critical re view.AFS Trans,1995.103:361 组织的含量增加 [9 Dwivedi D K,Sharma A.Rajan T V.Infuence of silicon mor (3)沉积态合金在熔化过程中发生了一系列的 phology and mechanical pmoperties of piston alloys.Mater Manu 复杂反应，尤其是在804~813K和816~858K之 Procsses,2005.20:777 间，除了共晶组织的熔化外，首先沉积体中残存的少 [10 Chen C.Liu ZX,Ren B.et al.Influences of compex modifica- tion of P and RE on microstructure and mecharical properties of 量亚稳的G-Al4FeSi2相转变为B-AlsFeSi相；随后 hypereutectic ASi aloy.Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China. 温度上升使B一AlsFeSi相转变为高温存在的G 2007,17:301 A4FeS相.加热后，凝固过程中相的析出与常规 [11]Chang J Y.Moon I,ChoiC S.Refinement of cast micmstre- 铸造过程是一致的. ture of hypereutectic A-Si alloys through the addition of rar earth metals.J Mater Sci,1998,33:5015 [12 Grant P S.Spray foming.Prog Mater Sci.1995.39:497 参考文献 [13]Anand S,Srivatsan T S,Wu Y,et al.Processing,micmostruc- ture and fracture behavior of spray atomized and deposited al- [1]Amano N.Odani Y.Takeda Y,et al.Devdopment of a wearre- mirium-silicon aloy.J Mater Sci.1997.32:2835 sistant mpid-soldified PM alumirium alby.Met Powder Rep. [14 Wang F,Yang B.Duan X J.et al.The micmostructure and me 1989,44:186 chanical properties of spray-deposited hypereutectic A-Si-Fe ab [2 Hayashi T,Takeda Y,Akechi K,et al.Rotary car air condition- loy.J Mater Process Technol,2003,137:191 er made with PM AHSi w rought alloys Met Powder Rep,1991. 15]Warg F.Yang B.Cui H.et al Microstructure and mechanical 4623 properties of spmay-deposited Al-SiFe-CuMg alloy containing [3]Andrws J B.Seneviratne M V C.A new,highly wearresistant Mn.J Univ Sci Tech Beijing,2003,10(1):30 aluminum-silicon casting aloy for au tomot ive engine block appica- [16]Takeda S.M utuzaki K.The equilibrium diag ram of Fe-AHSi tions.AFS Trans,1984.92:209 system.Tetsu-to-Hagane,1940.26:335 [4]Corey W H.William F C.Goorges J K.et al.Devebpment of 17 Lendvai A.Phase diag ram of the AHFe system up to 45 mass% AkSi-based P/M alloys IntJ Powder MetaⅡ，2005,41(1)：50 iron.J Mater Sci Lett.1986.5:1219表 2 沉积态 Al-25Si-5Fe-3Cu 合金在熔化和凝固过程中可能发生的反应 Table 2 Possible reactions of the spray-formed Al-25S i-5Fe-3Cu alloy during melting and solidification processes 过程 峰位 温度/ K 反应 ① 791 ～ 798 Al+Si+β-Al 5FeSi+θ-Al 2Cu※L Al+θ-Al 2Cu※L ② 804 ～ 813 Al+β-Al 5FeSi+θ-Al 2Cu※L +Al 7Cu2Fe L +δ-Al 4FeS i 2 ※L +β-Al 5FeSi 加热 ③ 816 ～ 858 Al+Si+β-Al 5FeSi※L Al+Al 7Cu2Fe+β-Al 5FeSi※L +δ-Al 4FeSi 2 ④ 878 ～ 887 L +β-Al5FeS i※L +δ-Al4FeSi 2 ⑤ 982 ～ 1 028 L +δ-Al4FeS i2 ※L ⑥ 1 036 ～ 1 094 L +S i※L ⑦ 1 076 ～ 1 062 L ※S i 冷却 ⑧ 997 ～ 966 L ※δ-Al4FeS i2 ⑨ 831 ～ 801 L ※Al+Si+β-Al 5FeSi ⑩ 789 ～ 769 L ※Al+Si+β-Al 5FeSi+θ-Al 2Cu 相变为尺寸小于 10 μm 的近球状和短棒状组织, 而 这种组织的细化主要是由于雾化熔滴颗粒之间的相 互碰撞以及雾化熔滴颗粒与沉积体表面糊状层之间 的冲击破碎引起的. ( 2) 铸态合金中的含铁相主要以 δ-Al4FeSi2 相 为主, 而沉积态合金中却以 β-Al5FeSi 相为主, 这主 要是由于糊状层的出现致使沉积坯冷却速率大大降 低, 从而引起δ-Al4FeSi2 ※β-Al5FeSi 的转变及共晶 组织的含量增加 . ( 3) 沉积态合金在熔化过程中发生了一系列的 复杂反应, 尤其是在 804 ～ 813 K 和 816 ～ 858 K 之 间, 除了共晶组织的熔化外, 首先沉积体中残存的少 量亚稳的δ-Al4FeSi2 相转变为 β-Al5FeSi 相 ;随后 温度上升使 β -Al5FeSi 相转变为高温存在的 δ- Al4FeSi2 相 .加热后, 凝固过程中相的析出与常规 铸造过程是一致的. 参 考 文 献 [ 1] Amano N, Odani Y, Takeda Y, et al.Development of a w ear-re￾sistant rapid-solidified PM aluminium alloy .Met Powder Rep , 1989, 44:186 [ 2] Hayashi T, T akeda Y, Akechi K, et al.Rot ary car air condition￾er made with PM Al-S i w rought alloys.Met Powder Rep , 1991, 46:23 [ 3] Andrew s J B, Seneviratne M V C .A new , hi ghly wear-resistant aluminum-silicon casting alloy for au tomotive engine block applica￾tions.AFS Trans, 1984, 92:209 [ 4] Corey W H, William F C, Georges J K, et al.Development of Al-Si-based P/M alloys.Int J Powder Meta ll, 2005, 41( 1) :50 [ 5] Hunt W H .New directions in aluminium-based P/ M mat erials for aut omotive applications.Int J Powder Metall, 2000, 36( 6) :51 [ 6] Ye H Z .An overvi ew of the development of Al-Si alloy based ma￾terial f or engine applications.J Mater Eng Perform , 2003, 12 ( 3) :288 [ 7] Gomes R M, S at o T, Tezuka H, et al.Precipit ation behavior of P/M hypereut ectic Al-S i-Cu-Mg alloys containing Fe and Ni . Mater Trans JIM , 1998, 39( 3) :357 [ 8] Crepeau P N .Eff ects of iron in Al-Si casting alloys:a critical re￾view .AFS Tra ns, 1995, 103:361 [ 9] Dw ivedi D K, Sharma A, Rajan T V .Influence of silicon mor￾phology and mechanical p roperties of pist on alloys.Mater Man uf Processes, 2005, 20:777 [ 10] Chen C, Liu Z X, Ren B, et al.Influences of complex modifica￾tion of P and RE on microstructure and mechani cal properti es of hypereut ectic Al-20Si alloy .Tr ans Non ferrous Met Soc Ch ina , 2007, 17:301 [ 11] Chang J Y, Moon I, Choi C S .Refinement of cast microstruc￾ture of hypereut ectic Al-Si alloys through the addition of rare earth met als.J Mater Sci, 1998, 33:5015 [ 12] Grant P S.Spray forming .Prog Mater S ci, 1995, 39:497 [ 13] Anand S, Srivatsan T S, Wu Y, et al.Processing, microstruc￾ture and fracture behavior of spray atomized and deposit ed alu￾minium-silicon alloy .J Mater Sci, 1997, 32:2835 [ 14] Wang F, Yang B, Duan X J, et al.The microstructure and me￾chanical properties of spray-deposited hypereut ectic Al-Si-Fe al￾loy .J Mater Process Technol, 2003, 137:191 [ 15] Wang F, Yang B, Cui H, et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of spray-deposited Al-Si-Fe-Cu-Mg alloy cont aining Mn.J Uni v S ci Tech Beijing, 2003, 10( 1) :30 [ 16] Takeda S, M utuzaki K .T he equilibrium diag ram of Fe-Al-Si system .Tetsu-to-Hagane, 1940, 26:335 [ 17] Lendvai A .Phase diag ram of the Al-Fe system up t o 45 mass% iron.J Mat er S ci Lett, 1986, 5:1219 第 8 期 侯陇刚等:铸态和沉积态 Al-25Si-5Fe-3Cu 合金的显微组织与相形成 · 1011 ·