CONTRIBUTORS .T,MS PT.PhD Cory Christiar Andre A Cu ione,PT,PhD University of Pittsburgh Physical Therapy Program ty Directo Physical Therapy Department Department of Physical Medicine Health Services Research Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania Sch Reh Development Service Dale Avers,PT,DPT,PhD Director Post Professional dpt Greg W.Hartley,PT,DPT,GCS Program CharD.Cicone,PT,PhD, Director of Rehabilitation Dep f Physical Therapy APTA Hospita College of Health Professions Department of Physical Therapy SUNY Upstate Medical University Ithaca College Director Syracuse,New York Ithaca.New York Katherine Beissner,PT,PhD Rhea Cohn PT DPT Hospitals Professor Health Care Consultant Miami, Department of Physical Therapy Washington,DC metro area Adiunct Assistant Professor Ithaca College Ithaca,New E.Edelstein,PT,MA,FISPO, ysical Therapy Diane Borello-France,PT,PhD Spe cial Lecturer Associate professor Program in Physical Therapy Columbia University New York,New York Associate Cathy S.Elrod.PT.PhD ical Thera Associate Professor Richard Briggs,MA,PT Department of Physical Therapy Grand Rapids,Michigan M spice and Catherine E.Lang PT,PhD Chico,California Christine E.Fordyce,PT,DPT Program in Physical Therapy Rehab Director Program in Occupational Marybeth Brown,PT,PhD,FAPTA Therapy ical Ther f Neurology Claire Gold,MSPT,MBA,COS-C, Saint Louis.Missouri University of Missour CPHQ Columbia,Missouri Home Health Age lhdniniuaor Tanya LaPier,PT,PhD,CCS Sabrina Camilo,PT,MSPT,GCS Private Practitione on University Sao Paulo.Brazil Alia A. Alghwiri, PT, MS PhD candidate University of Pittsburgh Physical Therapy Department Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Dale Avers, PT, DPT, PhD Associate Professor Director, Post Professional DPT Program Department of Physical Therapy Education College of Health Professions SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse, New York Katherine Beissner, PT, PhD Professor Department of Physical Therapy Ithaca College Ithaca, New York Diane Borello-France, PT, PhD Associate Professor Department of Physical Therapy Rangos School of Health Sciences Duquesne University Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Richard Briggs, MA, PT Hospice Physical Therapist Enloe Medical Center, Hospice and HomeCare Chico, California Marybeth Brown, PT, PhD, FAPTA Professor Physical Therapy Program, Biomedical Sciences University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri Sabrina Camilo, PT, MSPT, GCS Private Practitioner São Paulo, Brazil C O N T R I B U T O R S Cory Christiansen, PT, PhD Assistant Professor Physical Therapy Program Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation School of Medicine University of Colorado Aurora, Colorado Charles D. Ciccone, PT, PhD, FAPTA Professor Department of Physical Therapy Ithaca College Ithaca, New York Rhea Cohn, PT, DPT Health Care Consultant Washington, DC metro area Joan E. Edelstein, PT, MA, FISPO, CPed Special Lecturer Program in Physical Therapy Columbia University New York, New York Cathy S. Elrod, PT, PhD Associate Professor Department of Physical Therapy Marymount University Arlington, Virginia Christine E. Fordyce, PT, DPT Rehab Director Gentiva Health Services Auburn, New York Claire Gold, MSPT, MBA, COS-C, CPHQ Home Health Agency Administrator Gentiva® Home Health San Diego, California Andrew A. Guccione, PT, PhD, DPT, FAPTA Deputy Director Health Services Research & Development Service Department of Veterans Affairs Washington, DC Greg W. Hartley, PT, DPT, GCS Director of Rehabilitation & Assistant Hospital Administrator, Geriatric Residency Program Director St. Catherine’s Rehabilitation Hospitals and Villa Maria Nursing Centers Miami, Florida; Adjunct Assistant Professor University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy Coral Gables, Florida Barbara J. Hoogenboom, PT, EdD, SCS, ATC Associate Professor Program in Physical Therapy Grand Valley State University Grand Rapids, Michigan Catherine E. Lang PT, PhD Assistant Professor Program in Physical Therapy Program in Occupational Therapy Department of Neurology Washington University Saint Louis, Missouri Tanya LaPier, PT, PhD, CCS Professor Eastern Washington University Cheney, Washington vii