米国发等：大型锻件坯料内裂纹愈合的物理模拟 *1683· ing ingots.Nucl Eng Des,1985,84(2):285 [12]Wang M T,Li D Y,Wang F,et al.Analysis of laminated crack [5]Wang Z H,Sun S H,Wang B,et al.Importance and role of grain defect in the upsetting process of heavy disk-shaped forgings size in free surface cracking prediction of heavy forgings.Mater Sci Eng Failure Anal,2016,59:197 EngA,2015,625:321 [13]Park C Y,Yang D Y.A study of void crushing in large forgings: 6]Li S J,Sun M Y,Liu H W,et al.Study on void healing behavior II.Estimation of bonding efficiency by finite-element analysis.J during forging process for 25Cr2Ni4MoV steel.Acta Metall Sinica, Mater Process Technol,1997,72(1):32 2011,47(7):946 014]Guo H G.Core technology progress of large forgings manufactur- (李世键，孙明月，刘宏伟，等.25C2N4MoV钢锻造过程孔 ing.Metalcorking,2012(1)19 洞缺陷愈合规律研究.金属学报，2011,47(7)：946) (郭会光.大型锻件制造核心技术的进展.金属加工（热加 Xu B,Sun M Y,Li D Z.The void close behavior of large ingots 工)，2012(1)：19) during hot forging.Acta Metall Sinica,2012,48(10):1194 15] Cooper D R,Allwood J M.Influence of diffusion mechanisms in (徐斌，孙明月，李殿中.锻造过程中钢锭内部孔洞型缺陷闭 aluminium solid-state welding processes.Proced Eng,2014,81: 合规律研究.金属学报，2012,48(10)：1194) 2147 8]Feng C,Cui ZS,Liu M X,et al.Investigation on the void clo- [16]Cooper D R,Allwood J M.The influence of deformation condi- sure efficiency in cogging processes of the large ingot by using a3- tions in solid-state aluminium welding processes on the resulting D void evolution model.J Mater Process Technol,2016,237:371 weld strength.J Mater Process Technol,2014,214(11):2576 9]Harris N,Shahriari D,Jahazi M.Development of a fast conver- [17]Wang Z L.Study on Crack of Cylindrical Surface during the Up- ging material specific void closure model during ingot forging. setting of Heavy Forging [Dissertation].Qinhuangdao:YanShan Manuf Processes,2017,26:131 University,2007 10]Zhang XX.Research on Void Erolution in Large Ingot during Hot (王子亮.大型锻件辙粗侧表面开裂研究[学位论文].秦皇 Forging DDissertation].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong Universi- 岛：燕山大学，2007) y,2009 [18]He J L.Research on Ductile Fracture Criteria of Structural Steels (张效迅.大锻件锻造成形过程中内部空洞型缺陷演化规律 Used in Nuclear and Thermal Power during Hot Forming at High 的研究[学位论文]，上海：上海交通大学，2009) Temperature and in Their Applications [Dissertation].Shanghai: [11]Bitterlin M,Loucif A,Charbonnier N,et al.Cracking mecha- Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2014 nisms in large size ingots of high nickel content low alloyed steel. (何建丽.核、火电装备结构钢高温成形断裂判据及其应用 Eng Failure Anal,2016,68:122 研究[学位论文].上海：上海交通大学，2014)米国发等: 大型锻件坯料内裂纹愈合的物理模拟 ing ingots． Nucl Eng Des，1985，84( 2) : 285 ［5］ Wang Z H，Sun S H，Wang B，et al． Importance and role of grain size in free surface cracking prediction of heavy forgings． Mater Sci Eng A，2015，625: 321 ［6］ Li S J，Sun M Y，Liu H W，et al． Study on void healing behavior during forging process for 25Cr2Ni4MoV steel． Acta Metall Sinica， 2011，47( 7) : 946 ( 李世键，孙明月，刘宏伟，等． 25Cr2Ni4MoV 钢锻造过程孔 洞缺陷愈合规律研究． 金属学报，2011，47( 7) : 946) ［7］ Xu B，Sun M Y，Li D Z． The void close behavior of large ingots during hot forging． Acta Metall Sinica，2012，48( 10) : 1194 ( 徐斌，孙明月，李殿中． 锻造过程中钢锭内部孔洞型缺陷闭 合规律研究． 金属学报，2012，48( 10) : 1194) ［8］ Feng C，Cui Z S，Liu M X，et al． Investigation on the void clo￾sure efficiency in cogging processes of the large ingot by using a 3- D void evolution model． J Mater Process Technol，2016，237: 371 ［9］ Harris N，Shahriari D，Jahazi M． Development of a fast conver￾ging material specific void closure model during ingot forging． J Manuf Processes，2017，26: 131 ［10］ Zhang X X． Ｒesearch on Void Evolution in Large Ingot during Hot Forging ［Dissertation］． Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong Universi￾ty，2009 ( 张效迅． 大锻件锻造成形过程中内部空洞型缺陷演化规律 的研究［学位论文］． 上海: 上海交通大学，2009) ［11］ Bitterlin M，Loucif A，Charbonnier N，et al． Cracking mecha￾nisms in large size ingots of high nickel content low alloyed steel． Eng Failure Anal，2016，68: 122 ［12］ Wang M T，Li D Y，Wang F，et al． Analysis of laminated crack defect in the upsetting process of heavy disk-shaped forgings． Eng Failure Anal，2016，59: 197 ［13］ Park C Y，Yang D Y． A study of void crushing in large forgings: II． Estimation of bonding efficiency by finite-element analysis． J Mater Process Technol，1997，72( 1) : 32 ［14］ Guo H G． Core technology progress of large forgings manufactur￾ing． Metalworking，2012( 1) : 19 ( 郭会光． 大型锻件制造核心技术的进展． 金属加工( 热加 工) ，2012( 1) : 19) ［15］ Cooper D Ｒ，Allwood J M． Influence of diffusion mechanisms in aluminium solid-state welding processes． Proced Eng，2014，81: 2147 ［16］ Cooper D Ｒ，Allwood J M． The influence of deformation condi￾tions in solid-state aluminium welding processes on the resulting weld strength． J Mater Process Technol，2014，214( 11) : 2576 ［17］ Wang Z L． Study on Crack of Cylindrical Surface during the Up￾setting of Heavy Forging［Dissertation］． Qinhuangdao: YanShan University，2007 ( 王子亮． 大型锻件镦粗侧表面开裂研究［学位论文］． 秦皇 岛: 燕山大学，2007) ［18］ He J L． Ｒesearch on Ductile Fracture Criteria of Structural Steels Used in Nuclear and Thermal Power during Hot Forming at High Temperature and in Their Applications ［Dissertation］． Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University，2014 ( 何建丽． 核、火电装备结构钢高温成形断裂判据及其应用 研究［学位论文］． 上海: 上海交通大学，2014) · 3861 ·