Vol.28 No.11 钱亮等：高炉铜冷却壁自保护能力的实现 。1057。 炉墙内部的宏观结构对渣皮的生成和存在有 境保持一个稳定的操作 很重要的影响.从力学角度分析，渣皮有自身的 动态的环境使得渣铁壳平衡时的热面温度不 粘结力，此力是生成渣皮的原动力，除此之外，渣 再是1150℃而要低于此温度，这个温度在实际 皮还受到重力、上升煤气的剪切力和下降炉料或 操作中主要由挂渣环境决定， 下降渣铁的剪切力，其中两种剪切力都对渣皮有 破坏的作用，而重力却因不同的炉墙结构会产生 参考文献 不同的影响.在炉腹部分，重力成为渣皮生成的 [I]Cheng S S Xue Q G,Yang T J et al.Temperature field of 动力且加固渣皮存在，而且炉腹的炉墙结构使得 lining and cooling apparatus.J Univ Sci Techno Beijing 2000.7(1):30 煤气的剪切力较小；在炉腰和炉身下部，重力成为 [2 Cheng SS Yang T Xue Q G,et al.Optimum design and 不利于渣皮生成的因素，同时在相同煤气流速的 layout of the cooling apparatus for bng com panionship blast 情况下，煤气的剪切力较大，尤其在炉身下部.所 furnace.J Univ Sci Technol Beijing,2003.10(4):24 以，炉腹部分更容易生成渣皮，而且生成的渣皮容 [3 Janz Lucke D Carmichael l,et al.Installation of copper 易存在.操作实践也证明了这一点：炉腹的砖衬 staves in blast fumace hearths and their infhence on refractory design.Aise Steel Technol 2003(5):42 存在时间更长，炉腹的渣皮脱落频率较低. [4 Bonte L De Langhe H.Depamelaere M.et al.Installing cop 4 结论 per staves and blast furmace operating practice at Sidmar.Iron Steel Eng 1999(6):43 铜冷却壁具有很强的挂渣能力，但其也必须 [5 Miller K.Baylis M.Cast copper staves-an economic altema- tive.Iron Steel Maker,2000(9):67 有渣铁壳的保护，渣铁壳的存在提高了铜冷却壁 [6 Thill R.Poensgen A.Camichadl l et al.The application of 的使用性能，所以铜冷却壁更适合应用在高热负 FEM techniques in the development of copper staves for the 荷区的湿区.就本文所讨论的铜冷却壁，在没有 high heat load and hearth areas of the blast furnace /2000 渣铁壳保护的情况下，安全工作时所能承受的最 Imonmaking Conference Proceedings 2000:155 高煤气温度仅为1743℃，所以为了真正实现自保 【刀钱亮程素森.陶瓷垫对高炉炉底抗侵蚀能力的研究.钢 护能力，必须要提供一个合适的、稳定的挂渣环 铁.200540(11)：16 Realizing the self-protect ability of a blast furnace cooling system with copper stave OIAN Liang,CHENG Susen Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083.China ABSTRACT Two aspects realizing the self-protect ability of a blast furnace cooling system with copper stave,adherent dross capability and adherent dross condition,were mainly discussed.Based on the copper stave in practice,a three-dimension heat transfer mathematical model of copper stave w as established.Inte- gration of the calculat ion w ith practice experience shows that the copper stave is more suitable for high load- ed heat zone.The copper stave can provide with better adherent dross capability;but at the same time,on- ly if having better adherent dross condition,the copper stave self-protect ability can be realized to get longevity and high productivity.The various elements of adherent dross condition were also analyzed. KEY WORDS BF;copper stave;self-protect;adherent dross (C)1994-2019 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.http://www.cnki.net炉墙内部的宏观结构对渣皮的生成和存在有 很重要的影响.从力学角度分析, 渣皮有自身的 粘结力, 此力是生成渣皮的原动力, 除此之外 ,渣 皮还受到重力、上升煤气的剪切力和下降炉料或 下降渣铁的剪切力 , 其中两种剪切力都对渣皮有 破坏的作用 ,而重力却因不同的炉墙结构会产生 不同的影响.在炉腹部分, 重力成为渣皮生成的 动力且加固渣皮存在 , 而且炉腹的炉墙结构使得 煤气的剪切力较小;在炉腰和炉身下部 ,重力成为 不利于渣皮生成的因素 ,同时在相同煤气流速的 情况下 ,煤气的剪切力较大 ,尤其在炉身下部.所 以,炉腹部分更容易生成渣皮 ,而且生成的渣皮容 易存在.操作实践也证明了这一点 :炉腹的砖衬 存在时间更长, 炉腹的渣皮脱落频率较低. 4 结论 铜冷却壁具有很强的挂渣能力 ,但其也必须 有渣铁壳的保护, 渣铁壳的存在提高了铜冷却壁 的使用性能 ,所以铜冷却壁更适合应用在高热负 荷区的湿区.就本文所讨论的铜冷却壁 ,在没有 渣铁壳保护的情况下 , 安全工作时所能承受的最 高煤气温度仅为 1 743 ℃,所以为了真正实现自保 护能力 , 必须要提供一个合适的 、稳定的挂渣环 境,保持一个稳定的操作 . 动态的环境使得渣铁壳平衡时的热面温度不 再是 1 150 ℃,而要低于此温度, 这个温度在实际 操作中主要由挂渣环境决定. 参 考 文 献 [ 1] Cheng S S , Xue Q G , Yang T J, et al.Temperature field of lining and cooling apparatus.J Univ Sci Technol Beijing , 2000 , 7(1):30 [ 2] Cheng S S , Yang T J, Xue Q G , et al.Optimum design and layout of the cooling apparatus for long com panionship blast furnace .J Univ Sci Technol Beijing , 2003 , 10(4):24 [ 3] Janz J, Lucke D, Carmichael I , et al.Installation of copper st aves in blast furnace hearths and their influence on refractory design.Aise Steel Technol, 2003(5):42 [ 4] Bonte L, De Langhe H , Depamelaere M , et al.Inst alling cop￾per staves and blast furnace operating practi ce at Sidmar.Iron Steel Eng , 1999(6):43 [ 5] Miller K , Baylis M .Cast copper staves—an economi c alt erna￾tive .Iron Steel Maker , 2000(9):67 [ 6] Thill R, Poensgen A , Carmichael I , et al.The application of FEM techniques in the development of copper staves f or the high heat load and hearth areas of the blast furnace ∥ 2000 Ironmaking Conf erence Proceedings, 2000:155 [ 7] 钱亮, 程素森.陶瓷垫对高炉炉底抗侵蚀能力的研究.钢 铁, 2005 , 40(11):16 Realizing the self-protect ability of a blast furnace cooling system with copper stave QIAN Liang , CHENG S usen Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School, University of S cience and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China ABSTRACT Tw o aspects realizing the self-pro tect ability of a blast furnace cooling sy stem w ith copper stave , adherent dross capability and adherent dross condition , were mainly discussed .Based on the copper stave in practice , a three-dimension heat transfer mathematical model of copper stave w as established .Inte￾g ration of the calculation w ith practice experience show s that the copper stave is mo re suitable for high load￾ed heat zone.The copper stave can provide with better adherent dross capability ;but at the same time , on￾ly if having better adherent dross condition , the copper stave self-pro tect ability can be realized to get longevity and high productivity .The v arious elements of adherent dross condition were also analyzed . KEY WORDS BF ;copper stave ;self-protect ;adherent dross Vol.28 No.11 钱 亮等:高炉铜冷却壁自保护能力的实现 · 1057 ·