Heat living or working space or produce hot water Active system solar energy collect system working/circulating fluid Passive solar no burning of fuel, no blowers or pumps, independent of the electricity utility Intended to produce electric energy for various uses Powering of heat engines to drive irrigation pumps 复旦大学环境科学与工程系 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan UniversityHeat living or working space or produce hot water Active system solar energy collect system working/circulating fluid Passive solar no burning of fuel, no blowers or pumps, independent of the electricity utility Intended to produce electric energy for various uses Powering of heat engines to drive irrigation pumps