A/CONF. 187/6 services to assist States in preparing legislation required L. Walter, Secret Money( London, George Allen and Unwin, under the Convention. The Centre will also need to organize training courses and provide other forms of 10 Hampton, The Ofshore Interface: Tax Haven in the assistance to requesting States to support national efforts gthening the capacity of their law v. Ruggiero, Delitti dei deboli e dei potenti: Esercicidi enforcement and criminal justice systems to comply with anticriminologia(Turin, Bollati Boringhieri, 1999) their treaty obligations. Following the entry into force of 12 P. williams, Organizing Transnational Crime:Nehvorks the Convention and its protocols, the Centre will need to Markets and Hierarchies, Washington( Ridgeway Centre, develop a comprehensive technical cooperation University of Pittsburgh, 1998) programme to assist interested States in complying with the 1. Shelley, "Transnational crime in the United States:The provisions of the new instruments and in putting those scope of the problem, paper presented at the workshop or Transnational Organized Crime, National Research Council 17-18 June 1998, Washington, D.C.) 42. The Conference of the Parties is to be convened no 14 M. Gramegna,Trafficking in human beings in sub-Saharan later than one year after the entry into force of Africa: The case of Nigeria", paper presented at"New Convention. The Centre for International Crime Frontiers of Crime: Trafficking in Human Beings and New Prevention. as the secretariat of the Conference of the Forms of Slavery", Verona, 22-23 October 1999. Parties, is to assist the Conference in fulfilling its I5 s. Adamoli and others, Organized Crime Around the World functions Helsinki, European Institute for Crime Prevention and 43. To carry out the above-mentioned tasks, the Centre for International Crime prevention will need to be 6 J Sheptycki, "Transnational policing and the makings of'a strengthened. Additional resources should be allocated to ostmodern State", British Journal of Criminology, 34: 613 the Centre to enable it to support States in their efforts to ratify the Convention and its protocols and implement the 17 J. Albanese, "The causes of organized crime", paper presented provisions of those instruments. In addition, the Centre at the International Conference on Organized Crime University of Lausanne, 6-8 October 1999 will need to be provided with adequate resources to assist 18 N Passas, The genesis of the BCCI scandal", Journal of Law the Conference of the Parties in carrying out its work 23(1996),pp.57-72 Fijnaut and others, O d Crime in the Netherlands(The H. Abadinsky, "The criminal elite: professional and organized crime, Contributions in Criminology and Penology, No. 1 (Westport, Connecticut, Greenwood Press, 1983) P. Williams and E Savona, eds (Washington, D. C, National Academy Press, 1999) ganized Crime in America, 3rd ed (Cincinnati, economia criminale ed economia legale(Rome, Banca d'italia/Ufficio Italiano Cambi/Osservatorio antiriciclaggio laundering world wide, in M. Punch, ed, Coping with Corruption in a Borderless World(The Hague, Kluwer, 1993)A/CONF.187/6 8 1 Fijnaut and others, Organized Crime in the Netherlands (The Hague, Kluwer, 1998). 2 H. Abadinsky, “The criminal elite: professional and organized crime”, Contributions in Criminology and Penology, No. 1 (Westport, Connecticut, Greenwood Press, 1983). 3 V. Ruggiero, Organized and Corporate Crime in Europe: Offers that Can’t Be Refused (Aldershot, Dartmouth, 1996). 4 P. Williams and E. Savona, eds., The United Nations and transnational crime (London, Frank Cass, 1996). 5 P. Reuter and C. Petrie, eds., Transnational Organized Crime (Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, 1999). 6 J. Albanese, Organized Crime in America, 3rd ed. (Cincinnati, Anderson, 1996). 7 Banca d’Italia, Il riciclaggio nel contesto dei rapporti tra economia criminale ed economia legale (Rome, Banca d’Italia/Ufficio Italiano Cambi/Osservatorio Antiriciclaggio, 1999). 8 P. Arlacchi, “Corruption, organised crime and money laundering world wide”, in M. Punch, ed., Coping with Corruption in a Borderless World (The Hague, Kluwer, 1993). 9 I. Walter, Secret Money (London, George Allen and Unwin, 1989). 10 M. Hampton, The Offshore Interface: Tax Haven in the Global Economy (London, Macmillan, 1996). 11 V. Ruggiero, Delitti dei deboli e dei potenti: Esercizi di anticriminologia (Turin, Bollati Boringhieri, 1999). 12 P. Williams, Organizing Transnational Crime: Networks, Markets and Hierarchies, Washington (Ridgeway Centre, University of Pittsburgh, 1998). 13 L. Shelley, “Transnational crime in the United States: The scope of the problem”, paper presented at the workshop on Transnational Organized Crime, National Research Council, 17-18 June 1998, Washington, D.C.). 14 M. Gramegna, “Trafficking in human beings in sub-Saharan Africa: The case of Nigeria”, paper presented at “New Frontiers of Crime: Trafficking in Human Beings and New Forms of Slavery”, Verona, 22-23 October 1999. 15 S. Adamoli and others, Organized Crime Around the World (Helsinki, European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control, affiliated with the United Nations, 1998), p. ix. 16 J. Sheptycki, “Transnational policing and the makings of a postmodern State”, British Journal of Criminology, 34: 613- 635, 1996. 17 J. Albanese, “The causes of organized crime”, paper presented at the International Conference on Organized Crime, University of Lausanne, 6-8 October 1999. 18 N. Passas, “The genesis of the BCCI scandal”, Journal of Law and Society, No. 23 (1996), pp. 57-72. services to assist States in preparing legislation required under the Convention. The Centre will also need to organize training courses and provide other forms of assistance to requesting States to support national efforts aimed at strengthening the capacity of their law enforcement and criminal justice systems to comply with their treaty obligations. Following the entry into force of the Convention and its protocols, the Centre will need to develop a comprehensive technical cooperation programme to assist interested States in complying with the provisions of the new instruments and in putting those provisions into effect. 42. The Conference of the Parties is to be convened no later than one year after the entry into force of the Convention. The Centre for International Crime Prevention, as the secretariat of the Conference of the Parties, is to assist the Conference in fulfilling its functions. 43. To carry out the above-mentioned tasks, the Centre for International Crime Prevention will need to be strengthened. Additional resources should be allocated to the Centre to enable it to support States in their efforts to ratify the Convention and its protocols and implement the provisions of those instruments. In addition, the Centre will need to be provided with adequate resources to assist the Conference of the Parties in carrying out its work. Notes