·734 工程科学学报,第40卷,第6期 和SOC下的阻抗谱分析,得出在不同温度下,负极 performance.J Power Sources,2014,247:332 的R.起主要作用.在20%~100%S0C下,在低温 Li P,An F Q,Zhang J B,et al.Temperature sensitivity of lithi- (-5℃)下,负极的R,是正极的4倍.在0%~ um-ion battery:a review.J Autom Safety Energy,2014,5(3): 224 20%S0C下,在10和25℃下,正极的R,要远远大 (李平,安宫强,张剑波,等。电动汽车用锂离子电池的温度 于负极.对该特定的电芯体系,负极是控制极,尤其 敏感性研究综述.汽车安全与节能学报,2014,5(3):224) 是在动力学过程中,控制好负极的一致性或优化电 8] An F Q,Zhao J Y,Chen L F,et al.Consistency study on 18650 极设计,对改善整个电池的一致性至关重要:同时改 cells used in electric vehicles.Chin J Eng,2017,39(1):107 (安宫强,赵建源,陈璐凡,等.纯电动车用18650电池的一 善正极在低SOC下的阻抗,对提高常温下电芯的一 致性研究.工程科学学报,2017,39(1):107) 致性也是必要的 9] An F Q,Huang J,Wang C Y,et al.Cell sorting for parallel lithi- um-ion battery systems:evaluation based on an electric circuit 参考文献 model.J Energy Storage,2016,6:195 [Goodenough J B,Park K S.The Li-ion rechargeable battery:a [10]Jannesari H,Emami M D,Ziegler C.Effect of electrolyte trans- perspective.J Am Chem Soc,2013,135(4):1167 port properties and variations in the morphological parameters on Scrosati B.Carche J.Lithium batteries:status,prospects and fu- the variation of side reaction rate across the anode electrode and ture.J Power Sources,2010,195(9)2419 the aging of lithium ion batteries.J Poicer Sources,2011,196 B]Wu H.Cui Y.Designing nanostructured Si anodes for high energy (22):9654 lithium ion batteries.Nano Today,2012,7(5):414 [11]Santhanagopalan S,White R E.Quantifying cell-o-cell varia- 4]Dai YL.Srinivasan V.On graded electrode porosity as a design tions in lithium ion batteries.Int Electrochem,2012,2012: tool for improving the energy density of batteries.J Electrochem 3958381 S0c,2016,163(3):A406 [12]Kenney B,Darcovich K.MacNeil DD,et al.Modelling the im- 5]An FQ.Zhang J B.Huang J.et al.Production of lithium-ion pact of variations in electrode manufacturing on lithium-ion batter- battery and uniformity evolution analysis.Trans Mater Heat Treat, y modules.J Power Sources,2012,213:391 2015,36(4):239 [13]An F Q,Chen L F,Huang J,et al.Rate dependence of cell-to- (安富强,张剑波,黄俊,等.电动汽车用锂离子电池制备及 cell variations of lithium-ion cells.Sci Rep,2016,6:35051 其一致性演变分析.材料热处理学报,2015,36(4):239) 14]Zhang J B,Huang J,Chen L F,et al.Lithium-ion battery dis- 6]Baumhofer T,Brihl M,Rothgang S,et al.Production caused charge behaviors at low temperatures and cell-o-cell uniformity. variation in capacity aging trend and correlation to initial cell JAutom Safety Energy,2014,5(4):391工程科学学报,第 40 卷,第 6 期 和 SOC 下的阻抗谱分析,得出在不同温度下,负极 的 Rct起主要作用. 在 20% ~ 100% SOC 下,在低温 ( - 5 ℃ ) 下,负极的 Rct 是正极的 4 倍. 在 0% ~ 20% SOC 下,在 10 和 25 ℃ 下,正极的 Rct要远远大 于负极. 对该特定的电芯体系,负极是控制极,尤其 是在动力学过程中,控制好负极的一致性或优化电 极设计,对改善整个电池的一致性至关重要; 同时改 善正极在低 SOC 下的阻抗,对提高常温下电芯的一 致性也是必要的. 参 考 文 献 [1] Goodenough J B,Park K S. The Li-ion rechargeable battery: a perspective. J Am Chem Soc,2013,135( 4) : 1167 [2] Scrosati B,Garche J. Lithium batteries: status,prospects and future. J Power Sources,2010,195( 9) : 2419 [3] Wu H,Cui Y. Designing nanostructured Si anodes for high energy lithium ion batteries. Nano Today,2012,7( 5) : 414 [4] Dai Y L,Srinivasan V. On graded electrode porosity as a design tool for improving the energy density of batteries. J Electrochem Soc,2016,163( 3) : A406 [5] An F Q,Zhang J B,Huang J,et al. Production of lithium-ion battery and uniformity evolution analysis. Trans Mater Heat Treat, 2015,36( 4) : 239 ( 安富强,张剑波,黄俊,等. 电动汽车用锂离子电池制备及 其一致性演变分析. 材料热处理学报,2015,36( 4) : 239) [6] Baumhfer T,Brühl M,Rothgang S,et al. Production caused variation in capacity aging trend and correlation to initial cell performance. J Power Sources,2014,247: 332 [7] Li P,An F Q,Zhang J B,et al. Temperature sensitivity of lithium-ion battery: a review. J Autom Safety Energy,2014,5( 3) : 224 ( 李平,安富强,张剑波,等. 电动汽车用锂离子电池的温度 敏感性研究综述. 汽车安全与节能学报,2014,5( 3) : 224) [8] An F Q,Zhao J Y,Chen L F,et al. Consistency study on 18650 cells used in electric vehicles. Chin J Eng,2017,39( 1) : 107 ( 安富强,赵建源,陈璐凡,等. 纯电动车用 18650 电池的一 致性研究. 工程科学学报,2017,39( 1) : 107) [9] An F Q,Huang J,Wang C Y,et al. Cell sorting for parallel lithium-ion battery systems: evaluation based on an electric circuit model. J Energy Storage,2016,6: 195 [10] Jannesari H,Emami M D,Ziegler C. Effect of electrolyte transport properties and variations in the morphological parameters on the variation of side reaction rate across the anode electrode and the aging of lithium ion batteries. J Power Sources,2011,196 ( 22) : 9654 [11] Santhanagopalan S,White R E. Quantifying cell-to-cell variations in lithium ion batteries. Int J Electrochem,2012,2012: 395838-1 [12] Kenney B,Darcovich K,MacNeil D D,et al. Modelling the impact of variations in electrode manufacturing on lithium-ion battery modules. J Power Sources,2012,213: 391 [13] An F Q,Chen L F,Huang J,et al. Rate dependence of cell-tocell variations of lithium-ion cells. Sci Rep,2016,6: 35051 [14] Zhang J B,Huang J,Chen L F,et al. Lithium-ion battery discharge behaviors at low temperatures and cell-to-cell uniformity. J Autom Safety Energy,2014,5( 4) : 391 · 437 ·