5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS..83 5.1 Adolescents are vulnerable and deserve special attention in nutrition........83 5.2 Need for inclusive strategies and specific policies for adolescent nutrition at country 5.3 Evidence-based strategic orientations ........ .89 5.3.1 Caveat on'evidence-based'decision-making and planning .......89 5.3.2 Primary focus on nutrition promotion,the key role of schools,and the importance of dietary guidelines.90 5.3.3 Adolescent girls as a priority target group,before the first pregnancy.....91 5.3.4 More of an integrated and food-based approach to micronutrient IhalnutFitiODl92 5.3.5 The importance of preventing obesity (and eating disturbances)..93 5.4 Reseatch needs94 5.4.1 On eating behaviours and determinants in adolescents:.94 5.4.2 On nutritional status94 5.4.3 On effectiveness of interventions.95 5.5 Recommendations to WHO for priority action and research........95 5.5.1 Technical Support.95 5.5.2 Research priorities ..... .96 REFERENCES.... 4100 FIGURES 1. Conceptual framework of nutritional problems and causal factors in adolescence........12 2. Overall strategy for nutrition intervention in adolescence5.0 3. A model of eating and weight-related behaviour ......................70 CHARTS 1. Nutrition of adolescents:Good practices for health care providers..81 2. Nutrition intervention:Dealing with adolescents............. .84 APPENDICES: I Nutritional status of adolescents in developing countries.97 0 Selected percentiles of waist circumferences by race,sex,and age......99 NUTRIT I ON IN A DO L E SC E N C E /vN U T R I T I O N I N A D O L E S C E N C E / v 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................ 83 5.1 Adolescents are vulnerable and deserve special attention in nutrition .............................. 83 5.2 Need for inclusive strategies and specific policies for adolescent nutrition at country level ......................................................................................................................................... 89 5.3 Evidence-based strategic orientations .................................................................................. 89 5.3.1 Caveat on ‘evidence-based’ decision-making and planning ................................ 89 5.3.2 Primary focus on nutrition promotion, the key role of schools, and the importance of dietary guidelines........................................................................... 90 5.3.3 Adolescent girls as a priority target group, before the first pregnancy ............... 91 5.3.4 More of an integrated and food-based approach to micronutrient malnutrition ............................................................................................................ 92 5.3.5 The importance of preventing obesity (and eating disturbances) ...................... 93 5.4 Research needs........................................................................................................................ 94 5.4.1 On eating behaviours and determinants in adolescents: ..................................... 94 5.4.2 On nutritional status .............................................................................................. 94 5.4.3 On effectiveness of interventions .......................................................................... 95 5.5 Recommendations to WHO for priority action and research ............................................ 95 5.5.1 Technical support ................................................................................................... 95 5.5.2 Research priorities .................................................................................................. 96 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................... 100 FIGURES 1. Conceptual framework of nutritional problems and causal factors in adolescence ......... 12 2. Overall strategy for nutrition intervention in adolescence ................................................. 50 3. A model of eating and weight-related behaviour ................................................................ 70 CHARTS 1. Nutrition of adolescents: Good practices for health care providers ................................... 81 2. Nutrition intervention: Dealing with adolescents ............................................................... 84 APPENDICES: I Nutritional status of adolescents in developing countries .................................................. 97 II. Selected percentiles of waist circumferences by race, sex, and age ..................................... 99