The first is to state the effect first and then explain the causes. This is a convenient way for a paragraph of one effect and several causes.The second is to state a cause and then mention the effects.This order is preferred when one cause leads to various effects. 3.Able to organize a paragraph by cause and effect Part 2 1.Linking devices for paragraphs by cause and effect 2.Transitional expressions for cause and effect paragraphs Give reasons:first (second third)another next last finally because,since.for. Answer the opposition:of course,some may say,nevertheless on the other hand,although;Draw conclusion:therefore,thus, hence,consequently 3.Able to write a paragraph developed by cause and effect III.Exereises Do all the exercises ofthis unit. IV.Teaching methods 1.Warm-up writing:social security 2.Group discussion 3.Oral practice 4.Analyzing samples 5.Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素的写作材 料，从而培养具有高度政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合 型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from china daih for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：中国空间站 宇航员引燥的太空想象 Ethical-education Topic:Chinese space station's public interaction inspires imagination 11 11 The first is to state the effect first and then explain the causes. This is a convenient way for a paragraph of one effect and several causes. The second is to state a cause and then mention the effects. This order is preferred when one cause leads to various effects. 3. Able to organize a paragraph by cause and effect Part 2 1. Linking devices for paragraphs by cause and effect 2. Transitional expressions for cause and effect paragraphs Give reasons: first (second, third), another, next, last, finally, because, since, for; Answer the opposition: of course, some may say, nevertheless, on the other hand, although; Draw conclusion: therefore, thus, hence , consequently 3. Able to write a paragraph developed by cause and effect III. Exercises Do all the exercises of this unit. IV. Teaching methods 1. Warm-up writing: social security 2. Group discussion 3. Oral practice 4. Analyzing samples 5. Pair work 本章教学主要采用的方法和手段，如课堂讲授、分组讨论、课堂讨论等。 思政元素： 在写作话题、素材的讨论和选择上，本单元将引入思政元素的写作材 料，从而培养具有高度政治敏感度和政治素质、能够讲好中国故事的复合 型外语人才。 This unit would include careful-chosen writing topics from China Daily for ethical education to enable students with qualified ability to well tell the stories of China. 思政话题：中国空间站——宇航员引爆的太空想象 Ethical–education Topic: Chinese space station’s public interaction inspires imagination