“美国文明史”结业论文(2013年春) 比较和对比1929年大萧条与2008年金融危机 陈婕（媒设学院公共事业管理大一） 中文摘要：1929年大萧条和2008年金融危机对世界经济都带来了巨大的冲击。引发这两个 经济危机的原因十分复杂，不仅有资本主义经济的内在缺陷和商业周期等共同因素，也因不 同的时代背景而体现出不同的特点。本文旨在通过对比这两个经济危机，总结其中的异同， 为完善经济体制，维护全球经济稳定提供建议。 关键词：大萧条：金融危机：美国历史：经济 Compare and Contrast 1929 Great Depression with 2008 Financial Crisis Abstract:1929 Great Depression and 2008 Financial Crisis both brought great shock to the global economy.The causes that led to these two economic crises were very complicated including the internal defects of capitalist economy and business cycle.They also presented different characteristics because of different historical background.This passage aims to sum up the commons and differences of these two crises by comparing and contrasting them so as to help improve the economy system and maintain the stability of global economy. Key word:Great Depression;Financial Crisis;American history;economy 1.The introduction of these two economic crises The Great Depression is a severe worldwide economic depression during 1929 to 1933 which led to poverty,unemployment and crimes.The crisis started with the falling stock on the so-called Black Thursday,September 4,1929.From then on,the crisis spread to almost every corner in the world.And the Great depression stimulated the development of Nazi,leading to the World War II indirectly. The 2008 financial crisis broke out when the two real estate giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac went bankruptcy.Because the housing market cooled down,the borrowers of the sub-prime mortgage couldn't pay back their interests.Following by was the bankruptcy of many financial giants such as Lehman Brothers.By April 2009,the unemployment rate has risen to 8.9%,up from its low of 4.4%before the recession.! 2.The causes of these two economic crises The causes of these two economics are multiple.There are many similar root causes such as the internal defects of capitalist economy and the business cycle.The excessive investments in stock market and housing market caused bubble and inflation.The greedy businessmen on Wall Street tried every means to make profit.And the free market itself could not work well because of asymmetric information and the externality However,there are also many specific reasons for each crisis.As for the Great Depression, 1 Charles Jones;"the Global Financial Crisis:Overview";WW.Norton,2008“美国文明史”结业论文（2013 年春） 1 比较和对比 1929 年大萧条与 2008 年金融危机 陈婕（媒设学院 公共事业管理 大一） 中文摘要：1929 年大萧条和 2008 年金融危机对世界经济都带来了巨大的冲击。引发这两个 经济危机的原因十分复杂，不仅有资本主义经济的内在缺陷和商业周期等共同因素，也因不 同的时代背景而体现出不同的特点。本文旨在通过对比这两个经济危机，总结其中的异同， 为完善经济体制，维护全球经济稳定提供建议。 关键词：大萧条；金融危机；美国历史；经济 Compare and Contrast 1929 Great Depression with 2008 Financial Crisis Abstract: 1929 Great Depression and 2008 Financial Crisis both brought great shock to the global economy. The causes that led to these two economic crises were very complicated including the internal defects of capitalist economy and business cycle. They also presented different characteristics because of different historical background. This passage aims to sum up the commons and differences of these two crises by comparing and contrasting them so as to help improve the economy system and maintain the stability of global economy. Key word: Great Depression; Financial Crisis; American history; economy 1. The introduction of these two economic crises The Great Depression is a severe worldwide economic depression during 1929 to 1933 which led to poverty, unemployment and crimes. The crisis started with the falling stock on the so-called Black Thursday, September 4, 1929. From then on, the crisis spread to almost every corner in the world. And the Great depression stimulated the development of Nazi, leading to the World War II indirectly. The 2008 financial crisis broke out when the two real estate giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac went bankruptcy. Because the housing market cooled down, the borrowers of the sub-prime mortgage couldn’t pay back their interests. Following by was the bankruptcy of many financial giants such as Lehman Brothers. By April 2009, the unemployment rate has risen to 8.9%, up from its low of 4.4% before the recession.1 2. The causes of these two economic crises The causes of these two economics are multiple. There are many similar root causes such as the internal defects of capitalist economy and the business cycle. The excessive investments in stock market and housing market caused bubble and inflation. The greedy businessmen on Wall Street tried every means to make profit. And the free market itself could not work well because of asymmetric information and the externality. However, there are also many specific reasons for each crisis. As for the Great Depression, 1 Charles Jones; ‘’the Global Financial Crisis: Overview’’; WW. Norton, 2008