模型举例1:循环流向图 循环流向图 Model 1: The Circular-Flow The Circular-Flow Diagram Diagram and Services Goods 循环流向图直观简明地展现经济中 产晶与服务出香产品和服务市场sm 家庭和企业间的交易活动。 产品与康务购买 The circular-flow model is a simple Firms way to visually show the economic transactions that occur between households and firms in the roduction Market for and ca economy of ProductionIncome收入 生产要素市场 资、粗金与利 循环流向图 循环流向图 The Circular-Flow Diagram The Circular-Flow Diagram 企Frms 产品和服务市场 Markets for goods& Services ◆生产和出管产品和服务 Produce and sell goods and services ◆企业卖 Firms sell ◆慶用和使用生产要亲(劳动、士地、资本) ◆家庭买 Households buy Hire and use factors of production 家 Households 生产市场 Markets for factors o ●购买和消费产品和服务 Production Buy and consume goods and services 家庭实 Households sell ◆拥有和出管生产要素(劳动、土她、资本) Own and sell factors of production ◆企业买 Firms buy 循环流向图 模型举例2:生产可能性边界 The Circular-Flow Diagram Model 2: The production 生产要素 Factors of production Possibilities Frontier ◆生产物品和服务需要的投入品 生产可能性边界用图形表示,给定可得 的生产要素和技术下,产出的各种组合 Inputs used to produce goods and The production possibilities frontier is a services graph showing the various combinations ◆土地、劳动、资本 of output that the economy can possibly produce given the available factors of Land, labor, and capital production and technology3 13 模型举例1:循环流向图 Model 1:The Circular-Flow Diagram 循环流向图直观简明地展现经济中 家庭和企业间的交易活动。 The circular-flow model is a simple way to visually show the economic transactions that occur between households and firms in the economy. 14 循环流向图 The Circular-Flow Diagram Firms 企业 Households 家庭 Market for Factors of Production 生产要素市场 Market for Goods and Services 产品和服务市场 Spending 支出 Revenue 收益 Wages, rent, and profit 工 资、租金与利润 Income 收入 Goods & Services sold 产品与服务出售 Goods & Services bought 产品与服务购买 Labor, land, and capital 劳动,土地,资本 Inputs for production 生产投入 15 循环流向图 The Circular-Flow Diagram 家庭 Households Households ‹购买和消费产品和服务 Buy and consume goods and services Buy and consume goods and services ‹拥有和出售生产要素（劳动、土地、资本） Own and sell factors of production 企业 Firms ‹生产和出售产品和服务 Produce and sell goods and services Produce and sell goods and services ‹雇用和使用生产要素（劳动、土地、资本） Hire and use factors of production 16 循环流向图 The Circular-Flow Diagram 生产要素市场 Markets for Factors of Markets for Factors of Production ‹家庭卖 Households sell Households sell ‹企业买 Firms buy 产品和服务市场 Markets for Goods & Services Markets for Goods & Services ‹企业卖 Firms sell Firms sell ‹家庭买 Households buy 17 循环流向图 The Circular-Flow Diagram 生产要素 Factors of Production ‹生产物品和服务需要的投入品 Inputs used to produce goods and services ‹土地、劳动、资本 Land, labor, and capital 18 模型举例2：生产可能性边界 Model 2: The Production Possibilities Frontier 生产可能性边界用图形表示，给定可得 的生产要素和技术下，产出的各种组合 The production possibilities frontier is a graph showing the various combinations of output that the economy can possibly produce given the available factors of production and technology