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赵雷超等:热轧态与回火态AH80DB低碳贝氏体钢组织与冲击韧性 ·363· 均较硬,通常位错均以绕过机制通过析出相,在析出相 ship structural steels.Dev Appl Mater,1995,10(01):44 周围留下多层位错环,可以提高材料的应变硬化速 (王献钧.舰船结构钢的夏比冲击韧性与断口形貌.材料开 率网,改善材料的均匀塑性.因此,析出相的尺寸以 发与应用,1995,10(01):44) 7]Diaz M,Madariaga 1,Rodriguez-babe J M,et al.Improvement of 及分布是影响钢材塑韧性的重要原因之一· mechanical properties in structural steels by development of acicular 4结论 ferrite microstructures.J Constr Steel Res,1988,46(1):413 [8]Gourgues A F,Flower H M,Lindley T C.Electron backscattering (1)AH80DB钢的热轧态试样以脆性断裂为主, diffraction study of acicular ferrite,bainite,and martensite steel 冲击断口形貌中大部分区域为放射区,对材料冲击韧 microstructures.Mater Sci Technol,2000,16(1):26 性不利:回火态试样则以韧性断裂为主,断口上的纤维 9]Li B,Gao S,Zhang C Y.Influence of microstructure on low tem- 区和剪切唇所占比例较高 perature impact toughness of a high strength ship plate.Baosteel Technol,2012(5):23 (2)热轧态与回火态AH80DB钢试样的组织均为 (李冰,高珊,张才毅.微观组织对一种高强度船板用钢低温 针状铁素体、粒状贝氏体以及板条状贝氏体:而热轧态 冲击韧性的影响.宝钢技术,2012(5):23) 试样中M/A岛呈方向性分布且尺寸较大,经过回火处 Gao G H.Zhang H,Bai BZ.Effect of tempering temperature on 理后,针状铁素体组织增多,M/A岛尺寸较小,有效减 low temperature impact toughness of a low carbon Mn-series bai- 少裂纹扩展路径,提高试样冲击功. nitic steel.Acta Metall Sin,2011,47(5)513 (3)AH80DB热轧钢经过回火处理后,板条间的 (高古辉,张寒,白秉哲.回火温度对M系低碳贝氏体钢的 低温韧性的影响.金属学报,2011,47(5):513) 部分小角度晶界消失,晶粒间融合长大,大角度晶界比 01] Chen L.H,Kang Y L,Li X H,et al.Effect of processing param- 例由17.33%增加到20.76%,平均有效晶粒尺寸 eters on microstructures and properties of low-carbon bainitic high 减小. strength steels produced by CSP.J Mater Eng,2009(9):47 (4)AH80DB钢热轧态和回火态试样中析出相均 (陈林恒,康永林,黎先浩,等。轧制工艺对CSP生产低碳 为(Nb,T)C.热轧试样中析出相尺寸较大,在50~ 贝氏体高强钢组织和性能的影响.材料工程,2009(9):47) 150m之间,数量较少:经过回火处理后,试样中析出 02] Yu Q B,Wang B,Sun Y,et al.Development of 700 MPa grade steel plate with high strength and toughness by Steckel mill. 较多10m球状或类球状的细小析出相,增强析出强 Mater Sci Technol,2009,17(5):701 化作用的同时也改善了材料的均匀塑性 (于庆波,王斌,孙莹,等.应用炉卷轧机开发700MPa级高 强韧性钢板.材料科学与工艺,2009,17(5):701) 参考文献 [13]Kong J H,Wu L X,Xie C S.Effect of hot-rolling process on mi- Wang K L,Lu S Q,Li X,et al.Strengthening factors of microal- crostructure and properties of low carbon microalloyed steel.Hot loyed high strength low carbon bainitic steel.Mater Mech Eng, Work Technol,2004 (11):43 2009,33(12):27 (孔君华,吴力新,谢长生.热轧工艺对低碳微合金钢组织 (王克鲁,鲁世强,李鑫,等.微合金高强度低碳贝氏体钢中 与性能的影响.热加工工艺,2004(11):43) 不同强化方式的作用.机械工程材料,2009,33(12):27) 041 QiJJ,Huang Y H,Zhang Y.Microalloyed Steel.Beijing:Met- 2]Krauss G,Thomposon T W.Ferritic microstructure in continuous- allurgical Industry Press,2006 ly cooled low and ultralow carbon steels.IS//Int,1995,35:937 (齐俊杰,黄运华,张跃.微合金化钢.北京:治金工业出版 3]Sun M X,Wang M,Yi H L,et al.Effect of tempering tempera- 社,2006) tures on microstructure and properties of low carbon high strength 05] Drian H A,Pickering F B.Effect of Ti additions on austenite bainitic steels.J Northeast Univ Nat Sci,2013,34(12):1725 grain growth kinetics of medium carbon V-Nb steels containing (孙明雪,王猛,衣海龙,等.回火温度对低碳贝氏体高强度 0.008-0.18%N.Mater Sci Technol.1991,7(2):176 钢组织性能的影响.东北大学学报(自然科学版),2013,34 [16]Maugis P,Goune M.Kinetics of vanadium carbonitride precipi- (12):1725) tation in steel:a computer model.Acta Mater,2005.53(12): 4]Zhang S.Ren Y,Wang S,et al.Effect of tempering process on 3359 the structure property of high strength pipeline steel.Angang [17]Zhao M,Yang K.Strengthening and improvement of sulfide Technol,2009(1):18 stress cracking resistance in acicular ferrite pipeline steels by (张帅,任毅,王爽,等。回火工艺对高强度管线钢组织性能 nano-sized carbonitrides.Scripta Mater,2005,52:881 的影响.鞍钢技术,2009(1):18) D8] Wang C J,Sun X J,Yong Q L,et al.Effect of bainitic transfor- 5]Wu B P,Huang Y H,Zhang Y,et al.Precipitating behavior of mation temperature on the microstructures and mechanical proper- secondary phases in high performance bridge steel.Spec Steel, ties of the hot rolled TRIP steel containing Ti and Mo and its pre- 2011,32(3):54 cipitation characteristics.Acta Metall Sin,2013.49(4):399 (吴保平,黄运华,张跃,等.高性能桥梁钢第二相的析出行 (王长军,孙新军,雍岐龙,等.贝氏体相变温度对含T和 为.特殊钢,2011,32(3):54) Mo低碳热轧TRP钢的组织与力学性能影响及析出相的微 Wang X J.Charpy impact toughness and fracture appearance of 观结构表征.金属学报,2013,49(4):399)赵雷超等: 热轧态与回火态 AH80DB 低碳贝氏体钢组织与冲击韧性 均较硬,通常位错均以绕过机制通过析出相,在析出相 周围留下多层位错环,可以提高材料的应变硬化速 率[18],改善材料的均匀塑性. 因此,析出相的尺寸以 及分布是影响钢材塑韧性的重要原因之一. 4 结论 ( 1) AH80DB 钢的热轧态试样以脆性断裂为主, 冲击断口形貌中大部分区域为放射区,对材料冲击韧 性不利; 回火态试样则以韧性断裂为主,断口上的纤维 区和剪切唇所占比例较高. ( 2) 热轧态与回火态 AH80DB 钢试样的组织均为 针状铁素体、粒状贝氏体以及板条状贝氏体; 而热轧态 试样中 M/A 岛呈方向性分布且尺寸较大,经过回火处 理后,针状铁素体组织增多,M/A 岛尺寸较小,有效减 少裂纹扩展路径,提高试样冲击功. ( 3) AH80DB 热轧钢经过回火处理后,板条间的 部分小角度晶界消失,晶粒间融合长大,大角度晶界比 例由 17. 33% 增 加 到 20. 76% ,平 均 有 效 晶 粒 尺 寸 减小. ( 4) AH80DB 钢热轧态和回火态试样中析出相均 为( Nb,Ti) C. 热轧试样中析出相尺寸较大,在 50 ~ 150 nm 之间,数量较少; 经过回火处理后,试样中析出 较多 10 nm 球状或类球状的细小析出相,增强析出强 化作用的同时也改善了材料的均匀塑性. 参 考 文 献 [1] Wang K L,Lu S Q,Li X,et al. Strengthening factors of microal￾loyed high strength low carbon bainitic steel. Mater Mech Eng, 2009,33( 12) : 27 ( 王克鲁,鲁世强,李鑫,等. 微合金高强度低碳贝氏体钢中 不同强化方式的作用. 机械工程材料,2009,33( 12) : 27) [2] Krauss G,Thomposon T W. Ferritic microstructure in continuous￾ly cooled low and ultralow carbon steels. ISIJ Int,1995,35: 937 [3] Sun M X,Wang M,Yi H L,et al. Effect of tempering tempera￾tures on microstructure and properties of low carbon high strength bainitic steels. J Northeast Univ Nat Sci,2013,34( 12) : 1725 ( 孙明雪,王猛,衣海龙,等. 回火温度对低碳贝氏体高强度 钢组织性能的影响. 东北大学学报( 自然科学版) ,2013,34 ( 12) : 1725) [4] Zhang S,Ren Y,Wang S,et al. Effect of tempering process on the structure property of high strength pipeline steel. Angang Technol,2009( 1) : 18 ( 张帅,任毅,王爽,等. 回火工艺对高强度管线钢组织性能 的影响. 鞍钢技术,2009( 1) : 18) [5] Wu B P,Huang Y H,Zhang Y,et al. Precipitating behavior of secondary phases in high performance bridge steel. Spec Steel, 2011,32( 3) : 54 ( 吴保平,黄运华,张跃,等. 高性能桥梁钢第二相的析出行 为. 特殊钢,2011,32( 3) : 54) [6] Wang X J. Charpy impact toughness and fracture appearance of ship structural steels. Dev Appl Mater,1995,10( 01) : 44 ( 王献钧. 舰船结构钢的夏比冲击韧性与断口形貌. 材料开 发与应用,1995,10( 01) : 44) [7] Díaz M,Madariaga I,Rodriguez-Ibabe J M,et al. Improvement of mechanical properties in structural steels by development of acicular ferrite microstructures. J Constr Steel Res,1988,46( 1) : 413 [8] Gourgues A F,Flower H M,Lindley T C. Electron backscattering diffraction study of acicular ferrite,bainite,and martensite steel microstructures. Mater Sci Technol,2000,16( 1) : 26 [9] Li B,Gao S,Zhang C Y. Influence of microstructure on low tem￾perature impact toughness of a high strength ship plate. Baosteel Technol,2012( 5) : 23 ( 李冰,高珊,张才毅. 微观组织对一种高强度船板用钢低温 冲击韧性的影响. 宝钢技术,2012( 5) : 23) [10] Gao G H,Zhang H,Bai B Z. Effect of tempering temperature on low temperature impact toughness of a low carbon Mn-series bai￾nitic steel. Acta Metall Sin,2011,47( 5) : 513 ( 高古辉,张寒,白秉哲. 回火温度对 Mn 系低碳贝氏体钢的 低温韧性的影响. 金属学报,2011,47( 5) : 513) [11] Chen L H,Kang Y L,Li X H,et al. Effect of processing param￾eters on microstructures and properties of low-carbon bainitic high strength steels produced by CSP. J Mater Eng,2009( 9) : 47 ( 陈林恒,康永林,黎先浩,等. 轧制工艺对 CSP 生产低碳 贝氏体高强钢组织和性能的影响. 材料工程,2009( 9) : 47) [12] Yu Q B,Wang B,Sun Y,et al. Development of 700 MPa grade steel plate with high strength and toughness by Steckel mill. Mater Sci Technol,2009,17( 5) : 701 ( 于庆波,王斌,孙莹,等. 应用炉卷轧机开发 700 MPa 级高 强韧性钢板. 材料科学与工艺,2009,17( 5) : 701) [13] Kong J H,Wu L X,Xie C S. Effect of hot-rolling process on mi￾crostructure and properties of low carbon microalloyed steel. Hot Work Technol,2004( 11) : 43 ( 孔君华,吴力新,谢长生. 热轧工艺对低碳微合金钢组织 与性能的影响. 热加工工艺,2004( 11) : 43) [14] Qi J J,Huang Y H,Zhang Y. Microalloyed Steel. Beijing: Met￾allurgical Industry Press,2006 ( 齐俊杰,黄运华,张跃. 微合金化钢. 北京: 冶金工业出版 社,2006) [15] Drian H A,Pickering F B. Effect of Ti additions on austenite grain growth kinetics of medium carbon V--Nb steels containing 0. 008--0. 18% N. Mater Sci Technol,1991,7( 2) : 176 [16] Maugis P,Gouné M. Kinetics of vanadium carbonitride precipi￾tation in steel: a computer model. Acta Mater,2005,53( 12) : 3359 [17] Zhao M,Yang K. Strengthening and improvement of sulfide stress cracking resistance in acicular ferrite pipeline steels by nano-sized carbonitrides. Scripta Mater,2005,52: 881 [18] Wang C J,Sun X J,Yong Q L,et al. Effect of bainitic transfor￾mation temperature on the microstructures and mechanical proper￾ties of the hot rolled TRIP steel containing Ti and Mo and its pre￾cipitation characteristics. Acta Metall Sin,2013,49( 4) : 399 ( 王长军,孙新军,雍岐龙,等. 贝氏体相变温度对含 Ti 和 Mo 低碳热轧 TRIP 钢的组织与力学性能影响及析出相的微 观结构表征. 金属学报,2013,49( 4) : 399) ·363·
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