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第57卷第3期 土壤学报 Vol. 57. No. 3 2020年5月 ACTA PEDOLOGICA SINICA May,2020 DOI10.11766/trxb201912060662 谢祖彬,张燕辉,王慧,稻田生物固氮研究进展及方向[土壤学报,2020,57(3):540-546 XIE Zubin. ZHANG Yanhui, WANG Hui. Advances and Perspectives in Paddy Biological Nitrogen Fixation []. Acta Pedologica Sinica 2020,57(3):540-546. 稻田生物固氮研究进展及方向 谢祖彬,张燕辉12,王慧 1,2 (1.土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008;2.中国科学院大学,北京100049) 摘要:稻田淹水产生的合适pH和氧化还原条件为固氮微生物的固氮提供了适宜环境条件,使得稻田在多年不施氮肥条 件下仍能维持一定产量,而旱地产量则逐年下降。随着化学氮肥用量的增加,导致了严重的环境污染,迫切需要增加生物固 氮来保证粮食生产和减少环境污染。为发挥稻田生物固氮功能,我们对稻田生物固氮的研究方法、固氮量、固氮微生物、影 响因素、调控及其研究方向进行综述,以期为稻田生物固氮研究提供参考。 关键词:稻田;生物固氮;固氮微生物;稳定性同位素探针;二次离子质谱 中图分类号:Q143;S154.3文献标志码:A Advances and Perspectives in Paddy biological Nitrogen Fixation XIE Zubin't ZHANG Yanhui, 2 WANG Hui,2 (1. State Key laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 2. University of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, China Abstract: Suitable pH and oxy-reduction conditions in paddy induced by flooding supply optimal conditions for diazotrophs to do n2 fixation. Paddy biological N2 fixation makes paddy be different from upland. Paddy can sustain certain productivity under no N fertilization, while upland productivity decreases year by year. Along with an increase of chemical active N application, environment becomes severely polluted. To secure food production and decrease environmental pollution, biological N2 fixation is urgently to be increased to reduce chemical N fertilizer application. In order to better explore capacities of paddy biological N fixation, we make the reviews on progresses of quantification techniques, controlling factors, enhancement techniques and perspectives in paddy N2 fixation. We hope this review can offer some helps for further studies on paddy N2 fixation Key words: Paddy; Biological N2 fixation, Diazotrophs, Stable isotope probing; NanoSIMS 稻田生态系统具有保持土壤肥力、提供粮食保达145亿hm2,是世界约1/2人口的主要粮食;我 障和生态调节等多种功能。目前全球水稻种植面积国水稻土面积约3000万hm2,约占全国耕地面积的 国家科技基础性工作专项(2015FY110700)和国家自然科学基金项目(31870500,41501273,40871146)共同资助 Supported by the Special Project on the Basis of National Science and Technology of China( No. 2015FY 110700 )and the National Natural Science Foundation f china(Nos.31870500,41501273,40871146) ↑通讯作者 Corresponding author,Emal: zexie@issas ac,cn 作者简介:谢祖彬(1964—),男,江苏南通人,博士,研究员,主要从事土壤微生物生态学研究。E-mail: zbxieaissas.ac.cn 收稿日期:2019-12-06;收到修改稿日期:2020-02-21;优先数字出版日期(www.cnkinet):2020-03-11 http://pedologica.issas.ac.cn第 57 卷 第 3 期 土 壤 学 报 Vol. 57,No. 3 2020 年 5 月 ACTA PEDOLOGICA SINICA May,2020 * 国家科技基础性工作专项(2015FY110700)和国家自然科学基金项目(31870500,41501273,40871146)共同资助 Supported by the Special Project on the Basis of National Science and Technology of China(No. 2015FY110700)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 31870500,41501273,40871146) † 通讯作者 Corresponding author,E-mail:zbxie@issas.ac.cn 作者简介:谢祖彬(1964—),男,江苏南通人,博士,研究员,主要从事土壤微生物生态学研究。E-mail:zbxie@issas.ac.cn 收稿日期: 2019–12–06;收到修改稿日期:2020–02–21;优先数字出版日期(www.cnki.net):2020–03–11 http://pedologica.issas.ac.cn DOI:10.11766/trxb201912060662 谢祖彬,张燕辉,王慧. 稻田生物固氮研究进展及方向[J]. 土壤学报,2020,57(3):540–546. XIE Zubin,ZHANG Yanhui,WANG Hui. Advances and Perspectives in Paddy Biological Nitrogen Fixation [J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2020,57(3):540–546. 稻田生物固氮研究进展及方向* 谢祖彬1† ,张燕辉1,2 ,王 慧1,2 (1. 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京 210008;2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049) 摘 要:稻田淹水产生的合适 pH 和氧化-还原条件为固氮微生物的固氮提供了适宜环境条件,使得稻田在多年不施氮肥条 件下仍能维持一定产量,而旱地产量则逐年下降。随着化学氮肥用量的增加,导致了严重的环境污染,迫切需要增加生物固 氮来保证粮食生产和减少环境污染。为发挥稻田生物固氮功能,我们对稻田生物固氮的研究方法、固氮量、固氮微生物、影 响因素、调控及其研究方向进行综述,以期为稻田生物固氮研究提供参考。 关键词:稻田;生物固氮;固氮微生物;稳定性同位素探针;二次离子质谱 中图分类号:Q143;S154.3 文献标志码:A Advances and Perspectives in Paddy Biological Nitrogen Fixation XIE Zubin1†, ZHANG Yanhui1, 2, WANG Hui1, 2 (1. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) Abstract: Suitable pH and oxy-reduction conditions in paddy induced by flooding supply optimal conditions for diazotrophs to do N2 fixation. Paddy biological N2 fixation makes paddy be different from upland. Paddy can sustain certain productivity under no N fertilization, while upland productivity decreases year by year. Along with an increase of chemical active N application, environment becomes severely polluted. To secure food production and decrease environmental pollution, biological N2 fixation is urgently to be increased to reduce chemical N fertilizer application. In order to better explore capacities of paddy biological N2 fixation, we make the reviews on progresses of quantification techniques, controlling factors, enhancement techniques and perspectives in paddy N2 fixation. We hope this review can offer some helps for further studies on paddy N2 fixation. Key words: Paddy; Biological N2 fixation; Diazotrophs; Stable isotope probing; NanoSIMS 稻田生态系统具有保持土壤肥力、提供粮食保 障和生态调节等多种功能。目前全球水稻种植面积 达 1.45 亿 hm2 ,是世界约 1/2 人口的主要粮食;我 国水稻土面积约 3 000 万 hm2 ,约占全国耕地面积的
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