向量与矩阵 ·d维列向量x及其转置x'orxT: X1 X2 X三 ,x=x'=(x1,x2,…,xd We denote the j-th column of A by ay or 4.,j,a为列向量。 A=a1,a2,…,an We denote the i-th row of A by ait or A,,aiI为行向量。 a2 A= 5/81向量与矩阵 ▶ d 维列向量 x 及其转置 x ′ or x T : x =   x1 x2 . . . xd   , x T = x ′ = (x1, x2, · · · , xd) ▶ We denote the j-th column of A by aj or A:, j， aj 为列向量。 A = [a1, a2, · · · , an] . ▶ We denote the i-th row of A by ai T or Ai, : , ai T 为行向量。 A =      a1 T a2 T . . . am T      5 / 81