General Approaches > Reducing absorption; → Identification of gUse of toxic mechanism equally efficacious, less iUse of structural-activity toxic chemical substitutes relationship C Elimination of the need iUse of isosteric replacement for associated toxic sUse of retrometabolic design substances absorption chemical distribution to posure metabolism teraction in[ effect excretion target tissue Exposure Toxicokinetic Toxicodynamic Phase Phase Phase Figure 1. Aspects of Chemical Toxicity (adapted from ref 2)General Approaches ➔Reducing absorption; ➔Use of toxic mechanism ➔Use of structural-activity relationship ➔Use of isosteric replacement ➔Use of retrometabolic design ➔Identification of equally efficacious, less toxic chemical substitutes ➔Elimination of the need for associated toxic substances ACS, 640, 1996