If you have two authors with the same last name,use first initials with the last names. (E.Johnson,2001;L.Johnson,1998) A work by two authors Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time you cite the work.Use the word 'and'between the authors'names within the text and use&'in the parentheses. Research by Wegener and Petty(1994)showed... (Wegener Petty,1994) A work by three to five authors List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the first time you cite the source. (Kernis,Cornell,Sun,Berry,Harlow,1993) In subsequent citations,only use the first author's last name followed by et al.in the signal phrase or in parentheses. (Kernis et al.,1993) If two or more references of more than three surnames with the same year shorten to the same form,cite the surnames of the first authors and of as many of the subsequent authors as are needed to distinguish the references,followed by a comma and et al. Kernis,Cornell,Sun,et al.(1993) Six or more authors Use the first author's name followed by et al.in the signal phrase or in parentheses. Harris et al.(2001)argued... (Harris et al.,2001) If two references with six or more authors shorten to the same form,cite the surnames of the first authors and of as many of the subsequent authors as are needed to distinguish the references,followed by a comma and et al. Groups as authors The names of groups that serve as authors(e.g.govt agencies or corporations)can be spelled out each time they appear in a text citation unless it is long or cumbersome,in which case spell it out only the first time and abbreviate it thereafter.The guiding rule is that the reader should be able to find it in the reference list easily. First citation in text: National Institute of Mental Health(NIMH,2003) First citation in text (parenthetical):If you have two authors with the same last name, use first initials with the last names. (E. Johnson, 2001; L. Johnson, 1998) A work by two authors Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time you cite the work. Use the word ‘and’ between the authors’ names within the text and use ‘&’ in the parentheses. Research by Wegener and Petty (1994) showed... (Wegener & Petty, 1994) A work by three to five authors List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the first time you cite the source. (Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993) In subsequent citations, only use the first author’s last name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses. (Kernis et al., 1993) If two or more references of more than three surnames with the same year shorten to the same form, cite the surnames of the first authors and of as many of the subsequent authors as are needed to distinguish the references, followed by a comma and et al. Kernis, Cornell, Sun, et al. (1993) Six or more authors Use the first author’s name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses. Harris et al. (2001) argued... (Harris et al., 2001) If two references with six or more authors shorten to the same form, cite the surnames of the first authors and of as many of the subsequent authors as are needed to distinguish the references, followed by a comma and et al. Groups as authors The names of groups that serve as authors (e.g. govt agencies or corporations) can be spelled out each time they appear in a text citation unless it is long or cumbersome, in which case spell it out only the first time and abbreviate it thereafter. The guiding rule is that the reader should be able to find it in the reference list easily. First citation in text: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2003) First citation in text (parenthetical):