Volatile CODer NH3-N 12 4 0 0 POJ-P <100 >400 Fecal coliform No /100mL 10-10 Mineral Increase Resulting from Water Use. Data on the increase in the mineral content of wastewater resulting from water use, and the variation of the increase within a collection system, are especially important in evaluating the reuse potential of wastewater. Typical data on the incremental increase in mineral content that can be expected in municipal wastewater resulting from domestic use are reported in Table 3-9. Increases in the mineral content of wastewater may be due in part to addition of highly mineralized water from private wells and groundwater and from industrial use. Domestic and will(because of its high quality ) serve to dilute the mineral concentration in wastewater ev industrial water softeners also contribute significantly to the increase in mineral content and, in some areas, ay represent the major source. Occasionally, water added from private wells and groundwater infiltration Tab. 3-9 Typical mineral increase from domestic water use Constituent ncrement range(mg/L) Constituent Anions Other constituents Bicarbonate(HCO3) Aluminum(Al) Chloride(ci) alcium( Ca) otal alkalinity (as CacO3) Magnesium(Mg) 150-380 Variations in Constituent Concentrations Several types of constituent concentration variations can occur depending upon the characteristics of the contributors to the wastewater-collection system. Types of variations are discussed below Short-Term Variation in Constituent Values. Constituent concentration variations may change significantly during the course of a day. An example typical variations in domestic wastewater strength is shown on Fig 3-4. The bod variation generally follows the flow c matter) concentration often occurs in lara seasonal Variation in Constituent Values. For domestic flow only, and neglecting the effects of infiltration, the unit (per capita) loadings and the strength of the wastewater from most seasonal sources, such as resorts, will remain about the daily basis throughout the total flowrate varies. The total mass of bod and tss of the wastewater, however, will increase directly with the population served Fig. 3-4 Typical hourly variations in flow and strength Time ot domestic wastewater3-8 Volatile 110 200 340 TSS Fixed Volatile mg/L 120 25 95 210 50 160 400 85 315 Settlebale Solids mg/L 5 10 20 BOD5 mg/L 110 190 350 TOC mg/L 80 140 260 CODcr mg/L 250 430 800 TN Org-N NH3-N NO2-N NO3-N mg/L 20 8 12 0 0 40 15 25 0 0 70 25 45 0 0 TP Org-P PO4-P mg/L 4 1 3 7 2 5 12 4 10 Cl mg/L 30 50 90 SO4 2- mg/L 20 30 50 Oil and grease mg/L 50 90 100 VOCs mg/L < 100 100-400 > 400 Total coliform No./100mL 106 -108 107 -109 107 -1010 Fecal coliform No./100mL 103 -105 104 -106 105 -108 Mineral Increase Resulting from Water Use. Data on the increase in the mineral content of wastewater resulting from water use, and the variation of the increase within a collection system, are especially important in evaluating the reuse potential of wastewater. Typical data on the incremental increase in mineral content that can be expected in municipal wastewater resulting from domestic use are reported in Table 3-9. Increases in the mineral content of wastewater may be due in part to addition of highly mineralized water from private wells and groundwater and from industrial use. Domestic and industrial water softeners also contribute significantly to the increase in mineral content and, in some areas, may represent the major source. Occasionally, water added from private wells and groundwater infiltration will (because of its high quality) serve to dilute the mineral concentration in wastewater. Tab. 3-9 Typical mineral increase from domestic water use Constituent Increment range(mg/L) Constituent Increment range(mg/L) Anions: Bicarbonate(HCO3) Carbonate(CO3) Chloride(Cl) Sulfate(SO4 2- ) 50-100 0-10 20-50 15-30 Other constituents: Aluminum(Al) Boron(B) Fluoride(F) Manganese(Mn) Silica(SiO2) Total alkalinity(as CaCO3) TDS 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.4 0.2-0.4 2-10 60-120 150-380 Cations: Calcium(Ca) Magnesium(Mg) Potassium(K) Sodium(Na) 6-16 4-10 7-15 40-70 Variations in Constituent Concentrations Several types of constituent concentration variations can occur depending upon the characteristics of the contributors to the wastewater-collection system. Types of variations are discussed below. Short-Term Variation in Constituent Values. Constituent concentration variations may change significantly during the course of a day. An example of typical variations in domestic wastewater strength is shown on Fig. 3-4. The BOD variation generally follows the flow. The peak BOD (organic matter) concentration often occurs in the evening. Seasonal Variation in Constituent Values. For domestic flow only, and neglecting the effects of infiltration, the unit (per capita) loadings and the strength of the wastewater from most seasonal sources, such as resorts, will remain about the same on a daily basis throughout the year even though the total flowrate varies. The total mass of BOD and TSS of the wastewater, however, will increase directly with the population served. Fig. 3-4 Typical hourly variations in flow and strength of domestic wastewater