工程科学学报，第39卷，第6期：838845,2017年6月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.39,No.6:838-845,June 2017 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2017.06.004:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 高炉炉缸凝铁层物相分析 焦克新”，张建良)四，刘征建”，刘彦祥”，梁利生》，贾国栋) 1)北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院，北京1000832)宝钢股份炼铁厂，上海2009413)沧州中铁装备制造材料有限公司，沧州061000 ☒通信作者，E-mail:jianliang,hang@hotmail.com 摘要在高炉炉缸破损调研的基础上对高炉炉缸耐火材料热面凝铁层进行取样，利用扫描电子显微镜、物相分析等分析手 段揭示了凝铁层的物相组成，并运用Thermol-calc热力学计算软件结合TCFE8数据库对铁水中石墨碳的析出温度及析出相 分数进行了计算，最后揭示了炉缸凝铁层物相的形成机理.结果表明，高炉炉缸凝铁层主要由F相和石墨碳相交替分布组 成，铁水成分对石墨碳析出温度影响较大，石墨碳析出温度远高于铁水凝固温度，铁水中C、S元素含量对石墨碳析出相分数 影响较大，而石墨碳析出相可增大铁水黏度11.9%.凝铁层中石墨碳的析出主要是由于F一耐火材料界面温度低于石墨碳 析出温度，使得铁水中C不断向耐火材料热面迁移，进而形成FC交替的分层结构. 关键词高炉：炉缸：凝铁层；石墨碳：析出相 分类号TF533.2 Analysis of the phase of the solid iron layer in blast furnace hearth JIAO Ke-xin,ZHANG Jian-iang,LIU Zheng-jian,LIU Yan-xiang,LIANG Li-sheng,JIA Guo-dong 1)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Seience and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Ironmaking Plant,Baoshan Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.Shanghai 200941,China 3)Cangzhou Zhongtie Manufacture,Equipment and Material Co.,Ld.,Canghou 061000,China Corresponding author,E-mail:jianliang.zhang@hotmail.com ABSTRACT The solidified iron layer in blast furnace BF)hearth was estimated based on the blast furnace damage.The phase compositions of the solidified iron layer were studied using scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer.The tem- perature and proportions of graphite precipitation were calculated by using the Thermol-calc software and the TCFE8 database.Final- ly,the formation of the solidified iron layer was examined.The results suggest that the solidified iron comprises iron and graphite.The temperature of the graphite precipitation is affected by the composition of the hot metal,and it is much higher than the solidification temperature of the hot metal.The proportions of precipitated graphite are affected by the C and Si in the hot metal,whereas the precip- itated graphite increases the viscosity of the hot metal by 11.9%.The graphite precipitates at the interface with the Fe-refractory at lower temperature than that of the graphite saturation,which allows the C migration from the hot metal to the refractory interface. KEY WORDS blast furnace;hearth:iron solidified layer:graphite:phase precipitation 高炉长寿是现代化大型高炉的必然需求.高炉炉不饱和的高温铁水溶蚀，导致炭砖不断减薄可.随着 缸部位的寿命是高炉寿命的限制性环节四.在高强度高炉装备水平的提升和操作技术水平的提高，国内外 治炼条件下，部分学者认为，实现高炉长寿的关键在于 出现了一批长寿的高炉田.部分学者认为高炉炉缸凝 耐火材料质量的提升回.而炭砖仍然是高炉炉缸主要 铁层的存在是保障高炉寿命的必要条件问.炉缸凝铁 的内衬材料，其较弱的抗铁水溶蚀性能使得炭砖易被 层隔离开铁水与耐火材料的直接接触，从而保障耐火 收稿日期：2016-08-10 基金项目：国家青年自然科学基金资助项目(51304014)工程科学学报，第 39 卷，第 6 期: 838--845，2017 年 6 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 39，No． 6: 838--845，June 2017 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2017． 06． 004; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 高炉炉缸凝铁层物相分析 焦克新1) ，张建良1) ，刘征建1) ，刘彦祥1) ，梁利生2) ，贾国栋3) 1) 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083 2) 宝钢股份炼铁厂，上海 200941 3) 沧州中铁装备制造材料有限公司，沧州 061000 通信作者，E-mail: jianliang． zhang@ hotmail． com 摘 要 在高炉炉缸破损调研的基础上对高炉炉缸耐火材料热面凝铁层进行取样，利用扫描电子显微镜、物相分析等分析手 段揭示了凝铁层的物相组成，并运用 Thermol--calc 热力学计算软件结合 TCFE8 数据库对铁水中石墨碳的析出温度及析出相 分数进行了计算，最后揭示了炉缸凝铁层物相的形成机理． 结果表明，高炉炉缸凝铁层主要由 Fe 相和石墨碳相交替分布组 成，铁水成分对石墨碳析出温度影响较大，石墨碳析出温度远高于铁水凝固温度，铁水中 C、Si 元素含量对石墨碳析出相分数 影响较大，而石墨碳析出相可增大铁水黏度 11. 9% ． 凝铁层中石墨碳的析出主要是由于 Fe--耐火材料界面温度低于石墨碳 析出温度，使得铁水中 C 不断向耐火材料热面迁移，进而形成 Fe--C 交替的分层结构． 关键词 高炉; 炉缸; 凝铁层; 石墨碳; 析出相 分类号 TF533. 2 Analysis of the phase of the solid iron layer in blast furnace hearth JIAO Ke-xin1) ，ZHANG Jian-liang1)  ，LIU Zheng-jian1) ，LIU Yan-xiang1) ，LIANG Li-sheng2) ，JIA Guo-dong3) 1) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 2) Ironmaking Plant，Baoshan Iron and Steel Co． ，Ltd． ，Shanghai 200941，China 3) Cangzhou Zhongtie Manufacture，Equipment and Material Co． ，Ltd． ，Cangzhou 061000，China Corresponding author，E-mail: jianliang． zhang@ hotmail． com ABSTＲACT The solidified iron layer in blast furnace ( BF) hearth was estimated based on the blast furnace damage． The phase compositions of the solidified iron layer were studied using scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer． The tem￾perature and proportions of graphite precipitation were calculated by using the Thermol--calc software and the TCFE8 database． Final￾ly，the formation of the solidified iron layer was examined． The results suggest that the solidified iron comprises iron and graphite． The temperature of the graphite precipitation is affected by the composition of the hot metal，and it is much higher than the solidification temperature of the hot metal． The proportions of precipitated graphite are affected by the C and Si in the hot metal，whereas the precip￾itated graphite increases the viscosity of the hot metal by 11. 9% ． The graphite precipitates at the interface with the Fe--refractory at lower temperature than that of the graphite saturation，which allows the C migration from the hot metal to the refractory interface． KEY WOＲDS blast furnace; hearth; iron solidified layer; graphite; phase precipitation 收稿日期: 2016--08--10 基金项目: 国家青年自然科学基金资助项目( 51304014) 高炉长寿是现代化大型高炉的必然需求． 高炉炉 缸部位的寿命是高炉寿命的限制性环节［1］． 在高强度 冶炼条件下，部分学者认为，实现高炉长寿的关键在于 耐火材料质量的提升［2］． 而炭砖仍然是高炉炉缸主要 的内衬材料，其较弱的抗铁水溶蚀性能使得炭砖易被 不饱和的高温铁水溶蚀，导致炭砖不断减薄［3］． 随着 高炉装备水平的提升和操作技术水平的提高，国内外 出现了一批长寿的高炉［4］． 部分学者认为高炉炉缸凝 铁层的存在是保障高炉寿命的必要条件［5］． 炉缸凝铁 层隔离开铁水与耐火材料的直接接触，从而保障耐火