BIRD: LITHOSPHERE DYNAMICS AND CONTINENTAL DEFORMATION Johnson, R. A, and K. L. Loy, Seismic reflection evidence for A. F, G. A. Abers, J. A. Lawrence, Q. Chen, and A ing in southeastern Arizona erner-Lam. Crustal thickness variations across the Geology,20.597-600,199 y Mountain front from teleseismic observations Lachenbruch, A. H, and J. H. Sass, Heat flow from Cajon ract), Eos Trans. AGU, 73, Fall Meeting Suppl., 372, Pass, fault strength, and tectonic implications, J. Geophys Silver, P. G, and w. W. Chan, Shear wave splitting an Li,Y, and E.S. Schweig, Has the Reelfoot rift zone controlled ntal mantle deformation, J. Geophys. Res tectonic activity since the Late Cretaceous?(abstract), Eos 6.429-16.454.1991 Trans. AGU, Spring Meeting Suppl., 281, 199 Unruh, J. R, M. L. Davisson, R. E. Criss, and E M. Moores Liu, L. B, M. D. Zoback, and P. Segall, Rapid intraplate strain plications of perennial saline springs for abnormally hig umulation in the New Madrid seismic zone. Science fluid pressures and active thrusting in western California 257,1666-1669,1992 Geology.,20.431-434,1992 Livaccari, R. F, and F. V. Perry, c evidence for West. M. W. Extensional reactivation of thrust preservation of Cordilleran lithospheric mantle during the ccompanied by coseismic surface rupture, southw Sevier-Laramide orogeny, western U Wyoming and north-central Utah, Geol. Soc.Am. 105,1137-1150,1993 Livaccari, R. F, and F. V. Perry, Isotopic Zobackio ss auld in the beg a n Evidence for M 6.9) Loma pertly Sevier-Laramide or western United States: Reply California, earthquake and its aftershocks, Geology, 21 l8l-185.1993 Luvendvk. B. P. A model for Neogene crustal rotations Zoback, M. D, and J. H. Healy, In situ stress measu 3.5 km depth in the Cajon Pass scientific resear Geol.Soc.Am.Bmll,03,.1528-1536,1991 Implications for echanics of crustal Mc Caffrey, R, Oblique plate convergence, slip vectors, and Geophys.Res,97,5039-5057,199 Geophys.Res.,97,8905-8915, Zoback, M. D, R. Apel, J. Baumgartner, M. Brudy, R. Emmermann, B. Engeser, K. Fuchs, W. Kessels, H. Mc Carthy, J, and T. Parsons, Insights Rischmuller. F. Rummel. and L. Ver Cenozoic evolution of the Basin and Range- trength inferred from stress measurements to 6 km depth in Plateau transition KTB borehole, Nature (London), 365, 633-635, 199 reflection data, Geol. Soc. Am. BulL. 106, 747-759, 1994 Zoback, M. L, First- and second-order patterns of stress in the Miller, M. G, High-angle origin of the currently low-angle lithosphere: The world stress map project, J. Geophys. Res 97,11,703-11,728,1992 Geolog,19,372-375,1991 Mount, V.S., and J. Suppe, Present-day stress orientations P. Bird, Dep Earth and Space Sciences adjacent to strike-slip faults: California and Sumatra, J. University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567 (e- Geophys.Res,97,1l,995-12013,1992 Nicholson, C C. C. Sorlien, T. Atwater, J C. Crowell, and B P. Luyendyk, Microplate capture, rotation of the western (Received 24 June 1994; accepted: 21 November 1994.) Transverse Ranges. and initiation of the San Andreas as a L s Olson, J. A, and M. L. Zoback, Seismic deformation patterns on the San Francisco peninsula(abstract), Eos Trans. AGU, 73. Fall Meeting Suppl., 401, 1992 B. M. and T. M. brocher. thrusting of the central fornia margin over the edge of the Pacific plate during the transform regime, Geology, 21, 635-638, 1993 Parry, W. T, D. Hedderly-Smith, and R. L. Bruhn, clusions and hydrothermal alteration on the dixie vE Nevada, J Geophys. Res, 96, 19,733-19, 748, 1991 tton, H J, and G. Zandt, Seismic moment tensors of wester U. S earthquakes and implications for the tectonic stress field, J. Geophys 18,245-18,259,199 Pierce. K. L. and L. The track of the Yellowstone hot g, and uplift, Geol. Soc. A Mem,179.1-54,1992 Rice, J.R., Fault stress states, pore pressure distributions, and dreas fault. in Fault Stre States, Pore Pressure Distributions, and Transpor Properties of Rocks: A Festschrift in Honor of w. F. brace, edited by B. Evans and T -F. Wong, pp. 475-503, Acad Press. San Diego. 1992 Richardson, R. M, and L. M. Reding, North American plate dynamics, J Geophys. Res, 96, 12, 201 Scholz. C. H. N. H. Dawers. J-Z. Yu and M. H. Masters Fault growth and fault scaling laws: Preliminary results, J. ScofL. R. y. d g. L ister. Detachment faults: Evidence for a Geology,20.833-836 Shaw, J. H, and J Suppe, Active faulting and growth folding in the eastern Santa Barbara Channel, California, Geol. Soc.Am.Bmll,106.607-626,1994BIRD: LITHOSPHERE DYNAMICS AND CONTINENTAL DEFORMATION 383 Johnson, R. A., and K. L. Loy, Seismic reflection evidence for seismogenic low-angle faulting in southeastern Arizona, Geology, 20, 597-600, 1992. Lachenbruch, A. H., and J. H. 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AGU, 73, Fall Meeting Suppl., 401, 1992. Page, B. M., and T. M. Brocher, Thrusting of the central California margin over the edge of the Pacific plate during the transform regime, Geology, 21, 635-638, 1993. Parry, W. T., D. Hedderly-Smith, and R. L. Bruhn, Fluid inclusions and hydrothermal alteration on the Dixie Valley fault, Nevada, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 19,733-19,748, 1991. Patton, H. J., and G. Zandt, Seismic moment tensors of western U. S. earthquakes and implications for the tectonic stress field, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 18,245-18,259, 1991. Pierce, K. L., and L. A. Morgan, The track of the Yellowstone hot spot: Volcanism, faulting, and uplift, Geol. Soc. Am. Mem., 179, 1-54, 1992. Rice, J. R., Fault stress states, pore pressure distributions, and the weakness of the San Andreas fault, in Fault Stress States, Pore Pressure Distributions, and Transport Properties of Rocks: A Festschrift in Honor of W. F. Brace, edited by B. Evans and T.-F. Wong, pp. 475-503, Acad. Press, San Diego, 1992. Richardson, R. M., and L. M. Reding, North American plate dynamics, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 12,201-12,223, 1992. Scholz, C. H., N. H. Dawers, J.-Z. Yu, and M. H. Masters, Fault growth and fault scaling laws: Preliminary results, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 21,951-21,961, 1993. Scott, R. J., and G. S. Lister, Detachment faults: Evidence for a low-angle origin, Geology, 20, 833-836, 1992. Shaw, J. H., and J. Suppe, Active faulting and growth folding in the eastern Santa Barbara Channel, California, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 106, 607-626, 1994. Sheehan, A. F., G. A. Abers, J. A. Lawrence, Q. Chen, and A. L. Lerner-Lam, Crustal thickness variations across the Rocky Mountain front from teleseismic observations (abstract), Eos Trans. AGU, 73, Fall Meeting Suppl., 372, 1992. Silver, P. G., and W. W. Chan, Shear wave splitting and subcontinental mantle deformation, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 16,429-16,454, 1991. Unruh, J. R., M. L. Davisson, R. E. Criss, and E. M. Moores, Implications of perennial saline springs for abnormally high fluid pressures and active thrusting in western California, Geology, 20, 431-434, 1992. West, M. W., Extensional reactivation of thrust faults accompanied by coseismic surface rupture, southwestern Wyoming and north-central Utah, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 105, 1137-1150, 1993. Zoback, M. D., and G. C. Beroza, Evidence for nearly frictionless faulting in the 1989 (M 6.9) Loma Prieta, California, earthquake and its aftershocks, Geology, 21, 181-185, 1993. Zoback, M. D., and J. H. Healy, In situ stress measurements to 3.5 km depth in the Cajon Pass scientific research borehole: Implications for the mechanics of crustal faulting, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 5039-5057, 1992. Zoback, M. D., R. Apel, J. Baumgartner, M. Brudy, R. Emmermann, B. Engeser, K. Fuchs, W. Kessels, H. Rischmuller, F. Rummel, and L. Vernik, Upper-crustal strength inferred from stress measurements to 6 km depth in the KTB borehole, Nature (London), 365, 633-635, 1993. Zoback, M. L., First- and second-order patterns of stress in the lithosphere: The world stress map project, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 11,703-11,728, 1992. P. Bird, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567 (e￾mail: pbird@ess.ucla.edu) (Received 24 June 1994; accepted: 21 November 1994.)