Shock o Shipper experience suggests that damage is greater for rail than for truck shipment The high damage rates attributed to rail are probably due not so much to the actual shock forces as to load shifts and the effects of dynamic compression o Good loading and bracing and securing(dunnage practices can substantially reduce rail damage e TOFC shipping may be gentler than regular boxcar shippingShock ⚫ Shipper experience suggests that damage is greater for rail than for truck shipment. ⚫ The high damage rates attributed to rail are probably due not so much to the actual shock forces as to load shifts and the effects of dynamic compression. ⚫ Good loading and bracing and securing (dunnage) practices can substantially reduce rail damage. ⚫ TOFC shipping may be gentler than regular boxcar shipping