上游充通大兽 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY odryses Byzantium.Chalcedon Perinthus Astakos Abdera Maronea Doriskos P和COME数s Aenus Cyzicus BITHYNIA ADRIATIC .Thasos 。Lampsacus Epidamnus MACEDONIA Pella Therma Abydos MYSIA Olynthus Apollonia Aegae p Toron Antandrus PERSIAN Adramyttium SEA idaea EMPIRE ◆Pergamon EPIRUS Kasthanaia .Pitane LYDIA Dodona Phocaem Sardis Pharsalus Kassope Ambracia EUBO AN /ONIA The Colopho喻t Tralles Anactorium RNAN OLIA PHO XMiletus CARIA Calydo e。M小asa Halicarnassus Physcus Zk灯n Elis.ARCADIA .Cnidus The Greek World during olympia the Persian Wars (500-479 BC) ENIA Tegea ADES Sparta lonian revolt X Main battle Greek opponents of Persia Greek neutral states a Persian empire Persian vassal states lonian rebels (498 BC) Mardonius (492 BC) Artaphernes/Datis (490 BC) CRETE Xerxes/Mardonius (480 BC)