以表型为基础的研究模式 Biology Research Developmen Candidate market Chemistry 以生物靶标为核心的研究模式 High-capecity Cellular Safety Pharmacy Clinical eening Biology assessment development Manufacturing Hit identification Lead Preclinical Clinical Clinical Clinical identification/optimization development phase∥ phase ll∥ phase Candidate Market Genetics andComputational Medicinal Clinical DMPK genomics chemistry Regulatory Figure 4 Evolution of the drug discovery process during the second half of the twentieth century. (a) The process as used in the 1950s and 1960s, where research was mainly driven by biological screening and serendipity.()The process has evoled, embracing novel technologies, but also in many cases greater organizational complexity. DMPK, drug metabolism and macokinetics以表型为基础的研究模式 以生物靶标为核心的研究模式