工程科学学报，第41卷，第1期：53-59,2019年1月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.41,No.I:53-59,January 2019 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.01.005;http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 电石渣-煤基固废混合胶凝体系制硅酸钙板的试验 魏丁一12)，杜翠凤12)，李彦鑫3)四，张连富12) 1)金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京1000832)北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院，北京100083 3)内蒙古科技大学矿业研究院，包头014010 ☒通信作者，E-mail:wdyl03@yeah.net 摘要为减少制备硅酸钙板对矿物原浆资源的损耗和提高对固体废弃物的协同利用效果，试验以电石渣-煤基固废胶凝体 系为原料来研制高强度的纯固废硅酸钙板，并通过热重~差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射测试来分析硅酸钙板中生成的主要矿 物成分及不同配比对硅酸钙板的强度变化关系.研究表明：在水灰比为0.3的条件下，使用电石渣完全替代水泥，将粉煤灰和 硅灰按1：1的质量比互掺调制所得的混合胶凝体系最终制得托贝莫来石型纯固废硅酸钙样板.在硅灰占原料的质量分数为 0~10%范围内，样板抗折强度随硅灰添量增加而升高，硅灰添量为10%时样板达到最大抗折强度，不同粒径的原料颗粒相互 填充，板内晶体与水化胶凝体相互咬合，最终使得样板力学性能得到大幅提升：样板的抗折强度随着N0H添量的增加呈现先 增后降的趋势，NaOH添加质量分数为4%时样板板面平滑，强度达到最大值11.8MPa,该添量为Na0H的最佳添量，通过扫描 电镜分析发现加入4%NOH时对该胶凝体系的水化反应起到最佳激发作用，且样板料坯的微观结构对其最终的力学性能有 重要影响，但不起决定性作用，其中决定其最终强度的是板坯内水化胶凝体的数量、形态以及其相互间的联结方式 关键词粉煤灰：混合胶凝体系：废物协同利用：抗折强度：水化产物 分类号TU528.4 Experiment on preparation of calcium silicate board based on a mixed gel system of carbide slag and coal-based solid waste WEI Ding-yi,DU Cui-feng),L Yan-xin ZHANG Lian-fu) 1)State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083.China 2)School of Civil and Recourses Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 3)Mining Engineering Institute,Inner Mongolia Science and Technology University,Baotou 014010.China Corresponding author,E-mail:wdy103@yeah.net ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to reduce the loss of raw material calcium in the preparation of calcium silicate board and improve the synergistic utilization efficiency of solid waste.This test used a carbide slag-coal-based solid waste gelling system as the raw material to develop high-strength pure solid waste calcium silicate board.The main mineral components produced in the calcium silicate board and the variation in calcium silicate board strength with different proportioning were analyzed using thermogravimetry-dif- ferential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC)and X-ray diffraction (XRD)test.The results show that the use of carbide slag completely substitutes cement.Fly ash and silica fume were mixed in mass ratio of 1:I to prepare a mixed gelling system.Finally,the tobago mul- lite pure solid-waste calcium silicate template could be made with a water-cement ratio of 0.3.When silica fume was added in the mass percent of 0-10%,the bending strength of the template strengthened.Flexural strength of the calcium silicate board reached maxi- mum when the amount of silica fume was 10%.Here,raw material particles composed of various dimensions were fully mixed.Also, crystals and hydrated gels closely interacted.Thus,the mechanical properties of the calcium silicate board significantly improved.The 收稿日期：2017-12-29 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274023)工程科学学报,第 41 卷,第 1 期:53鄄鄄59,2019 年 1 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 1: 53鄄鄄59, January 2019 DOI: 10. 13374 / j. issn2095鄄鄄9389. 2019. 01. 005; http: / / journals. ustb. edu. cn 电石渣鄄鄄煤基固废混合胶凝体系制硅酸钙板的试验 魏丁一1,2) , 杜翠凤1,2) , 李彦鑫3) 苣 , 张连富1,2) 1) 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083 3) 内蒙古科技大学矿业研究院, 包头 014010 苣 通信作者, E鄄mail:wdy103@ yeah. net 摘 要 为减少制备硅酸钙板对矿物原浆资源的损耗和提高对固体废弃物的协同利用效果,试验以电石渣鄄鄄煤基固废胶凝体 系为原料来研制高强度的纯固废硅酸钙板,并通过热重鄄鄄差示扫描量热法、X 射线衍射测试来分析硅酸钙板中生成的主要矿 物成分及不同配比对硅酸钙板的强度变化关系. 研究表明:在水灰比为 0郾 3 的条件下,使用电石渣完全替代水泥,将粉煤灰和 硅灰按 1颐 1的质量比互掺调制所得的混合胶凝体系最终制得托贝莫来石型纯固废硅酸钙样板. 在硅灰占原料的质量分数为 0 ~ 10% 范围内,样板抗折强度随硅灰添量增加而升高,硅灰添量为 10% 时样板达到最大抗折强度,不同粒径的原料颗粒相互 填充,板内晶体与水化胶凝体相互咬合,最终使得样板力学性能得到大幅提升;样板的抗折强度随着 NaOH 添量的增加呈现先 增后降的趋势,NaOH 添加质量分数为 4% 时样板板面平滑,强度达到最大值 11郾 8 MPa,该添量为 NaOH 的最佳添量,通过扫描 电镜分析发现加入 4% NaOH 时对该胶凝体系的水化反应起到最佳激发作用,且样板料坯的微观结构对其最终的力学性能有 重要影响,但不起决定性作用,其中决定其最终强度的是板坯内水化胶凝体的数量、形态以及其相互间的联结方式. 关键词 粉煤灰;混合胶凝体系;废物协同利用;抗折强度;水化产物 分类号 TU528郾 4 收稿日期: 2017鄄鄄12鄄鄄29 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274023) Experiment on preparation of calcium silicate board based on a mixed gel system of carbide slag and coal鄄based solid waste WEI Ding鄄yi 1,2) , DU Cui鄄feng 1,2) , LI Yan鄄xin 3) 苣 , ZHANG Lian鄄fu 1,2) 1) State Key Laboratory of High鄄Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China 2) School of Civil and Recourses Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 3) Mining Engineering Institute, Inner Mongolia Science and Technology University, Baotou 014010, China 苣 Corresponding author, E鄄mail: wdy103@ yeah. net ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to reduce the loss of raw material calcium in the preparation of calcium silicate board and improve the synergistic utilization efficiency of solid waste. This test used a carbide slag鄄coal鄄based solid waste gelling system as the raw material to develop high鄄strength pure solid waste calcium silicate board. The main mineral components produced in the calcium silicate board and the variation in calcium silicate board strength with different proportioning were analyzed using thermogravimetry鄄dif鄄 ferential scanning calorimetry (TG鄄DSC) and X鄄ray diffraction (XRD) test. The results show that the use of carbide slag completely substitutes cement. Fly ash and silica fume were mixed in mass ratio of 1颐 1 to prepare a mixed gelling system. Finally, the tobago mul鄄 lite pure solid鄄waste calcium silicate template could be made with a water鄄cement ratio of 0郾 3. When silica fume was added in the mass percent of 0 – 10% , the bending strength of the template strengthened. Flexural strength of the calcium silicate board reached maxi鄄 mum when the amount of silica fume was 10% . Here, raw material particles composed of various dimensions were fully mixed. Also, crystals and hydrated gels closely interacted. Thus, the mechanical properties of the calcium silicate board significantly improved. The