(c) Assistance and return of astronauts and space vehicles; notification of dangerous phenomena in outer space or on celestial bodies (d)Parties shall bear international responsibility for national activities in outer space (e) Parties to the treaty that launch or procure the launching of objects into outer space shall be liable for damage (f) Jurisdiction and control over personnel and objects are not affected by their presence in outer space or on celestial bodies (g) parties to the treaty shall avoid harmful contamination of outer space, celestial bodies, and the environment of earth, and shall consult with other parties regarding potentially harmful experiments In order to understand why the treaty was considered such a success, it is important to understand a bit of the world climate at the time of its formulation. In 1966. the cold war was raging between the U.S. and the former Soviet Union and tensions were high. The new arena of space left many people on both sides speculating about its military applications, with particular emphasis on nuclear weapons deployment to earth targets from outer space. The Soviets had been consistently launching men and satellites into space for several years, while the U.S. was doing much the same with its Mercury and Gemini manned programs. About this time as well, both countries were well into planning for manned missions to the moon. It is also important to point out that the U.S and the former Soviet Union were the superpowers at that time, in addition to being the only countries with space capabilities Bearing in mind the world climate at the time, and also considering the vast number of nations which signed on to the Outer Space Treaty the ost was nothing short of an amazing achievement. The General Counsel to NASA when the treaty was put forth [A] remarkable endeavor of great significance to international law and politics has reached fruition. Nations often in conflict with lother and adhering to widely divergent political philosophies have agreed on the first Treaty of general applicability governing activity in outer space A noted space attorney offers the following as an explanation for this successful consensus of so many different nations many of the nations involved lacked a clear sense of their interests-both future and contemporaneous- in any particular regime. Most of the participants had only hazy ideas of what would come to pass in the space field, and how it would affect their own destinies, and even the United States and the [former(c) Assistance and return of astronauts and space vehicles; notification of dangerous phenomena in outer space or on celestial bodies. (d) Parties shall bear international responsibility for national activities in outer space. (e) Parties to the treaty that launch or procure the launching of objects into outer space shall be liable for damages. (f) Jurisdiction and control over personnel and objects are not affected by their presence in outer space or on celestial bodies. (g) Parties to the treaty shall avoid harmful contamination of outer space, celestial bodies, and the environment of earth, and shall consult with other parties regarding potentially harmful experiments. In order to understand why the treaty was considered such a success, it is important to understand a bit of the world climate at the time of its formulation. In 1966, the cold war was raging between the U.S. and the former Soviet Union and tensions were high. The new arena of space left many people on both sides speculating about its military applications, with particular emphasis on nuclear weapons deployment to earth targets from outer space. The Soviets had been consistently launching men and satellites into space for several years, while the U.S. was doing much the same with its Mercury and Gemini manned programs. About this time as well, both countries were well into planning for manned missions to the moon. It is also important to point out that the U.S. and the former Soviet Union were the superpowers at that time, in addition to being the only countries with space capabilities. Bearing in mind the world climate at the time, and also considering the vast number of nations which signed on to the Outer Space Treaty, the OST was nothing short of an amazing achievement. The General Counsel to NASA when the treaty was put forth wrote: "[A] remarkable endeavor of great significance to international law and politics has reached fruition. Nations often in conflict with one another and adhering to widely divergent political philosophies have agreed on the first Treaty of general applicability governing activity in outer space." A noted space attorney offers the following as an explanation for this successful consensus of so many different nations: "...many of the nations involved lacked a clear sense of their interests - both future and contemporaneous - in any particular space regime. Most of the participants had only hazy ideas of what would come to pass in the space field, and how it would affect their own destinies, and even the United States and the [former]