87.2 Conductivity and its application Transport mechanism of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions Grotthus mechanism(1805) Delocalization of protons in Liquid Water H J. Bakker and H.K. Nienhuys We find that the vibrational potential of the o-H stretch vibrations of liquid water shows extreme anharmonicity that arises from the o-H..O hydrogen bond interaction we observe that already in the second excited state of the The ion can move along an O-H stretch vibration, the hydrogen atom becomes delocalized between the oxygen atoms of two neighboring water molecules, The energy required for this extended hydrogen-bond network delocalization is unexpectedly low and corresponds to less than 20% of the dissociation energy of the O-H bond of the water molecule in the gas phase Science.2002.297:587-590Transport mechanism of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions Grotthus mechanism (1805) The ion can move along an extended hydrogen-bond network. Science, 2002, 297:587-590 §7.2 Conductivity and its application