SUPERSTRINGS AND OTHER THINGS 3 THE LAWS OF MECHANICS NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION The concept of force The ancient idea of motion The birth of modern science Pioneers of physics: Galileo's dialog with aristotle Galileo formulates the law of Inertia Physics in our world: The Leaning Tower of pisa Newton's First Law: Law of inertia Physics in our world: Car seat belt ewton's Second Law: Law of force Newton's Third Law: Law of action and reaction 4 ENERGY What is energy? The concept of work 3457802569222667 Units of work and energy The concept of energy Pioneers of Physics: James Prescott Joule(1818-1889) The work-energy theorem Conservative and nonconservative forces 5 CONSERVATION OF ENERGY AND MOMENTUM Transformation of energy The principle of conservation of energy The energy of mass Efficiency pioneers of physics: The phnysicists'letters Power Physics in our world: Automobile efficiency Impulse and momentum Physics in our world: Air bags Conservation of momentum 888888888999 Elastic and inelastic collisions Cannons and rockets 6 ROTATION AND THE UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION Rotational motion The frontiers of physics: CD-ROM drives 91m Torque and angular momentum7 / < . * 8 < C / < . * B7 ! ! B7 ! " BB ! " B6 % & ' B5 !" /% ! BA ' $ $' 62 %C . /%8 /% ! 61 ' 6B %C /%8 /% ! ! 6; %C /%8 /% ! 6= B ;1 < & @ ;1 ! %' ;1 ! %' & ;; ! & ;; ( ! ( )*+*+,*++-. ;5 %'(& " 5B ! 56 6 4 . * * * 5A !" ! & 5A ! ! & A2 & ! " A3 !- A1 $ & A7 % A6 ' ! / A; " """ AA ' =2 ! """ =3 =B ' =6 ; 4 / / < . 4 =A " =A $ 01" 323 : & """ 321