to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and aculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team. As a result of its strength in saence, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the1960 s to the internet infrastructure(基础设施) and applications software of the1990s. the link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible Silicon Valley was intentionally created by stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard Around the world govemments have encouraged opying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The ttempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term gDP growth which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago, in the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic dedine in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and the business leaders led to improvements in the process and reversal of the decline but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to intemational students. Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcom ing foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first the very best of them stay in the states and- like immigrants throughout history-strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United Sta tes become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (et) values when they retum home. or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming intemational university students. 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。 1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become A) B)in-service training organizations c a powerful force for global integration D)more and more research-oriented 2. Over the past decades the enrollment of overseas students has increased A)at an annual rate of 8 percent B)at an annual rate of 3. 9 percent C)by800,000to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team. As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. the link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly vis ible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university. For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research - university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago, in the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and the business leaders led to improvements in the process and reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and— like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United Sta tes become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students. 注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。 1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become ________. A) more popularized than ever before B) in-service training organizations C) a powerful force for global integration D) more and more research-oriented 2. Over the past decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ________. A) at an annual rate of 8 percent B) at an annual rate of 3.9 percent C) by 800,000