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D0L:10.13374/5.issn1001-053x.2011.s1.004 第33卷增刊1 北京科技大学学报 Vol.33 Suppl.1 2011年12月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Dec.2011 H13模铸钢锭中夹杂物的分布解剖 刘建华) 阳燕》庄昌凌)崔晓宁)李永亮 北京科技大学冶金工程研究院,北京1000832)中原特钢股份有限公司技术中心,济源455004 通信作者,E-mail:liujianhua(@metall..usth.cdu.cn 摘要对5.0:H13铸锭进行了解剖.采用扫描电镜和能谱分析对铸锭中夹杂物进行了形貌和组成分析,通过T[0]分析和 金相显微镜统计分析对铸锭中夹杂物的分布进行了研究.结果表明铸锭中氧含量较高,平均值达到27.8×10~6,必须进一步 精炼:铸锭中夹杂物主要为近球形的C0-Al,0,SiO2夹杂,块状TiN-VN夹杂,沿晶界分布的条状VC-CrC-MoC夹杂物和少 量的CaS-MnS夹杂;尺寸较大的VC-CrC-MoC夹杂物对H13钢的韧性影响较大,必须在后续热处理及精炼中加以控制: T[0]和夹杂物在铸锭中分布不均匀,在铸锭头部中心附近,夹杂物及总氧呈负偏聚:而在铸锭中部及锭尾中心附近,夹杂物及 总氧呈正偏聚:同时,铸锭中下部大尺寸夹杂物数量比较高.为了表征夹杂物的偏聚程度,本文提出了夹杂物偏聚指数的新概 念.在5tH13铸锭头部中心夹杂物偏聚指数达到0.75-0.85,而在中下部夹杂物偏聚指数达到1.2-1.3. 关键词模具钢:铸锭:解剖:夹杂物:偏聚 分类号TG115.21 Inclusion distribution in H13 ingots LIU Jian-hua),YANG Yan,ZHUANG Chang-ing?),CUI Xiao-ning2,LI Yong-liang) 1)Institute of Metallurgical Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083.China 2)Technical Center,Zhongyuan Special Steel Co.Ltd.Jiyuan 454685.China Corresponding author,E-mail:liujianhua@metall.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Inclusions in a 5.0 H13 ingot were studied by dissection.Morphologies and compositions of the inclusions were stud- ied by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrum,and the distribution of the inclusions was studied by T[]analy- sis and metallographic microscopy.Results show that the average total oxygen in H13 ingot is high and reaches 27.8x10,so further refining is required.The inclusions in H13 are mainly near-spherical CaO-Al2O,SiO inclusions,angular TiN-VN inclusions,large linear VC-CrC-MoC inclusions distributed in grain boundaries,and a few CaS-MnS inclusions.Large VC-CrC-MoC inclusions are harmful to the toughness of H13 steel,which should be controlled in following refining.The total oxygen and inclusions are uneven in ingots,the segregations of inclusions and total oxygen are negative around the core of the ingot head,while they are positive in the cen- ter and the lower part of the ingot:meanwhile,it is also found that the amount of larger inclusions in the center and the lower part of the ingot is higher.Inclusion segregation index is put forward to describe the segregation degree of inclusions,which is 0.75 to 0.85 around the core of the ingot head and 1.2 to 1.3 in the center and the lower part of the ingot. KEY WORDS die steel;ingots:dissection:inclusions;segregation H13钢是美国钢铁学会(ASD分类中的一种中 作为热作模具钢H13一般在比较恶劣的条件 碳、中铬模具钢,在我国一般称作4C5 MoSiV1 下工作,要承受高温、高压的作用,有的还要受到较 钢),具有较高的热强度与硬度,尤其在中温(600 大的冲击力,因此对热疲劳性能要求较高,大量文献 ℃)时,还具有较高的耐磨性、韧性和较好的热疲劳 研究表明对于以疲劳破坏为主的模具钢3,夹杂 性能,已在锤锻模、挤压模、压铸模、模锻模等模具领 物是影响其寿命的重要原因之一,尤其是容易在钢 域中得到广泛应用 基体中造成强烈应力集中的脆性夹杂物).本研究 收稿日期:201108一10第 33 卷 增刊 1 2011 年 12 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 33 Suppl. 1 Dec. 2011 H13 模铸钢锭中夹杂物的分布解剖 刘建华1) 阳 燕1) 庄昌凌1) 崔晓宁2) 李永亮2) 北京科技大学冶金工程研究院,北京 100083 2) 中原特钢股份有限公司技术中心,济源 455004 通信作者,E-mail: liujianhua@ metall. ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 对 5. 0 t H13 铸锭进行了解剖,采用扫描电镜和能谱分析对铸锭中夹杂物进行了形貌和组成分析,通过 T[O]分析和 金相显微镜统计分析对铸锭中夹杂物的分布进行了研究. 结果表明铸锭中氧含量较高,平均值达到 27. 8 × 10 - 6 ,必须进一步 精炼; 铸锭中夹杂物主要为近球形的 CaO--Al2O3 --SiO2 夹杂,块状 TiN--VN 夹杂,沿晶界分布的条状 VC--CrC--MoC 夹杂物和少 量的 CaS--MnS 夹杂; 尺寸较大的 VC--CrC--MoC 夹杂物对 H13 钢的韧性影响较大,必须在后续热处理及精炼中加以控制; T[O]和夹杂物在铸锭中分布不均匀,在铸锭头部中心附近,夹杂物及总氧呈负偏聚; 而在铸锭中部及锭尾中心附近,夹杂物及 总氧呈正偏聚; 同时,铸锭中下部大尺寸夹杂物数量比较高. 为了表征夹杂物的偏聚程度,本文提出了夹杂物偏聚指数的新概 念. 在 5 t H13 铸锭头部中心夹杂物偏聚指数达到 0. 75 ~ 0. 85,而在中下部夹杂物偏聚指数达到 1. 2 ~ 1. 3. 关键词 模具钢; 铸锭; 解剖; 夹杂物; 偏聚 分类号 TG115. 21 Inclusion distribution in H13 ingots LIU Jian-hua1) ,YANG Yan1) ,ZHUANG Chang-ling2) ,CUI Xiao-ning2) ,LI Yong-liang2) 1) Institute of Metallurgical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2) Technical Center,Zhongyuan Special Steel Co. Ltd. ,Jiyuan 454685,China Corresponding author,E-mail: liujianhua@ metall. ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT Inclusions in a 5. 0-t H13 ingot were studied by dissection. Morphologies and compositions of the inclusions were stud￾ied by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrum,and the distribution of the inclusions was studied by T[O]analy￾sis and metallographic microscopy. Results show that the average total oxygen in H13 ingot is high and reaches 27. 8 × 10 - 6 ,so further refining is required. The inclusions in H13 are mainly near-spherical CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 inclusions,angular TiN-VN inclusions,large linear VC-CrC-MoC inclusions distributed in grain boundaries,and a few CaS-MnS inclusions. Large VC-CrC-MoC inclusions are harmful to the toughness of H13 steel,which should be controlled in following refining. The total oxygen and inclusions are uneven in ingots,the segregations of inclusions and total oxygen are negative around the core of the ingot head,while they are positive in the cen￾ter and the lower part of the ingot; meanwhile,it is also found that the amount of larger inclusions in the center and the lower part of the ingot is higher. Inclusion segregation index is put forward to describe the segregation degree of inclusions,which is 0. 75 to 0. 85 around the core of the ingot head and 1. 2 to 1. 3 in the center and the lower part of the ingot. KEY WORDS die steel; ingots; dissection; inclusions; segregation 收稿日期: 2011--08--10 H13 钢是美国钢铁学会( AISI) 分类中的一种中 碳、中 铬 模 具 钢,在 我 国 一 般 称 作 4Cr5MoSiV1 钢[1],具有较高的热强度与硬度,尤其在中温( 600 ℃ ) 时,还具有较高的耐磨性、韧性和较好的热疲劳 性能,已在锤锻模、挤压模、压铸模、模锻模等模具领 域中得到广泛应用[2]. 作为热作模具钢 H13 一般在比较恶劣的条件 下工作,要承受高温、高压的作用,有的还要受到较 大的冲击力,因此对热疲劳性能要求较高,大量文献 研究表明对于以疲劳破坏为主的模具钢[3--4],夹杂 物是影响其寿命的重要原因之一,尤其是容易在钢 基体中造成强烈应力集中的脆性夹杂物[5]. 本研究 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.s1.004
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