大气科学学报2020年3月第43卷第2期 Changes of anthropogenic carbon emissions and air pollutants during the COVID-19 epidemic in China YUE Xu',LEI Yadong2,ZHOU Hao2,LIU Zhu,LETU Husi,CAI Zhaonan'LIN Jintai, JIANG Zhihong',LIAO Hong' Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Amospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control,Collaborative Innovation Center of Amospheric Environment and Equipment Technology,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science Technology NUIST). Nanjing 210044,China: Climate Change Research Center,Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Beijing 100029,China; 3Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China; Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100010,China; Key Laboratory of Middle Amosphere and Global Environment Observation,Institute of Amospheric Physics.Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China: Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Join Interational Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change,Col- laborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,NUIST,Nanjing,210044,China We quantify the changes of anthropogenic carbon emissions and major air pollutants during the COVID-19 epidemic in China by analyzing data from economic sectors,1 580 surface monitoring sites,and 6 satellite retriev- als.Compared to the first quarter of 2019,national carbon emissions decreased by 9.8%in 2020 with the maxi- mum reduction of 43.4%in transportation sector.Compared to the average of February-March in 2019,surface o- zone concentrations increased by 1.9 nL/L(5%)during the epidemic on the country level,with major reductions in North China Plain but enhancements in the Southeast.Surface PM.concentrations decreased by 12.6 ug.m (24.9%)with the maximum reduction in Yangtze River Delta(YRD).For NO2,both the surface concentrations and tropospheric column density showed consistent reductions of 20%-30%in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Pearl River Delta,and YRD.Surface CO concentrations declined by 17%while tropospheric column CO increased by 2.5%,likely because the transportation of air pollutants from biomass burning outside China enhances CO density at high levels in southern China.Aerosol optical depth significantly decreased in the middle and eastern China, leading to an increased surface shortwave radiation by 11.6 W.m(9.6%). 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