CONTENTS Abbreviations 1 From MDGs to SDGs: general introduction 4 MDGs 5 Health in the MDg: achievements Strengths and limitations of the MDgs 7 SDGs The health goal 9 Health in other goals Follow-up and review 12 Notes and references 15 Economic, social and environmental context and health implications 17 ummar 18 Population trends 18 Fertility and population growth 19 The youth bulge 21 Ageing 22 Migration 23 Urbanization 25 Economic determinants of health and financing for development 26 Poverty eradication and income inequality 28 Development assistance for health 29 Social development Gender equality and rights 60 Human righ 32 Environment and climate change Climate change 4 Pollution and contamination 34 Occupational healti Intersectoral action 36 Notes and references 39 Universal Health Coverage 41 Summary 43 Trends 44 Positive developments 47 Strategic prioritie Governance HEALTH IN 2015: FROM MDGs TO SDGsiv HEALTH IN 2015: FROM MDGs TO SDGs 3 vii Abbreviations 1 From MDGs to SDGs: general introduction 3 Summary 4 MDGs 5 Health in the MDG: achievements 6 Strengths and limitations of the MDGs 7 SDGs 8 The health goal 9 Health in other goals 10 Follow-up and review 12 Notes and references 15 Economic, social and environmental context and health implications 17 Summary 18 Population trends 18 Fertility and population growth 19 The youth bulge 21 Ageing 22 Migration 23 Urbanization 25 Economic determinants of health and financing for development 26 Poverty eradication and income inequality 27 Globalization and trade 28 Development assistance for health 29 Social development 29 Gender equality and rights 30 Human rights 31 Education 32 Environment and climate change 32 Climate change 34 Pollution and contamination 34 Occupational health 35 Intersectoral action 36 Notes and references 39 Universal Health Coverage 41 Summary 43 Trends 44 Positive developments 45 Challenges 47 Strategic priorities Snapshots 50 Governance 52 Health financing 1 2 CONTENTS