Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Pubblication Data Gonzalez. Rafael C. Digital Image Processing Richard E Woods N0-201 1. Digital Imaging. 2. Digital Techniques. I. Title. TA1632G662001 2001035846 Vice-President and Editorial Director. ECS: Marcia. Horton Publisher: tom robbins Associate Editor: Alice Dworkin Editorial Assistant: Jody McDonnell Vice President and director of production and manufacturing ESM: David w riccardi Executive Managing Editor: Vince O Brien Managing Editor: David A. George Production editor: rose kernan Composition: Prepare, Inc. Director of Creative Services: Paul Belfanti Creative Director: Carole anson Art Director and cover designer: heather scott Art Editor: Greg Dulles Manufacturing Manager: Trudy Pisciotta Manufacturing Buyer: Lisa McDowell Senior Marketing Manager: Jennie Burger Prentis o 2002 by Prentice-Hall Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be produced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher include the development, research, and testing of the theories and programs to determine thel o The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts effectiveness. The author and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documentation contained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs. Printed in the united States of america 10987654321 IsBN:口-己01-1吕075-吕 Pearson Education ltd. London Pearson Education Australia Ptv, Limited, Sydney Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd Pearson Education North Asia Ltd, Hong Kong Pearson Education Canada Ltd, Toronto Pearson Education de mexico. s.A. de C.v. Pearson Education--Japan, Toky Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte Ltd Education, Upper Saddle River, New JerseyLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Pubblication Data Gonzalez, Rafael C. Digital Image Processing / Richard E. Woods p. cm. Includes bibliographical references ISBN 0-201-18075-8 1. Digital Imaging. 2. Digital Techniques. I. Title. TA1632.G66 2001 621.3—dc21 2001035846 CIP Vice-President and Editorial Director, ECS: Marcia J. Horton Publisher: Tom Robbins Associate Editor: Alice Dworkin Editorial Assistant: Jody McDonnell Vice President and Director of Production and Manufacturing, ESM: David W. Riccardi Executive Managing Editor: Vince O’Brien Managing Editor: David A. George Production Editor: Rose Kernan Composition: Prepare, Inc. Director of Creative Services: Paul Belfanti Creative Director: Carole Anson Art Director and Cover Designer: Heather Scott Art Editor: Greg Dulles Manufacturing Manager: Trudy Pisciotti Manufacturing Buyer: Lisa McDowell Senior Marketing Manager: Jennie Burger © 2002 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts include the development, research, and testing of the theories and programs to determine their effectiveness. The author and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documentation contained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN: 0-201-18075-8 Pearson Education Ltd., London Pearson Education Australia Pty., Limited, Sydney Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education North Asia Ltd., Hong Kong Pearson Education Canada, Ltd., Toronto Pearson Education de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. Pearson Education—Japan, Tokyo Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey GONZFM-i-xxii. 5-10-2001 14:22 Page iv