2000年8月 黎茂稳:油气二次运移研究的基本思路和几个应用实例 孢粉组合可以作为油气二次运移途径的良好标志,但和人类认识程度在不同阶段的局限性,开展油气二次 不一定能成为过硬的油源对比参数。 运移研究,没有一成不变的概念模型可以遵循,也没有 哪个分子运移参数能够放之四海而皆准。这就要求在 石油地质地球化学研究的实践过程中要因地制宜,学 1—TC110—QUN5 2- TDI 11-TCIS 习和借鉴其它探区的成功经验,充分占有和消化本探 E-O1油源 3-KN112—LN8 13-1 区的地质资料,始终坚持多学科、多项参数综合运用的 5-TZ1614-TZ10 原则,相信基本物理化学原理的普遍性,具体问题具体 汪撇晏 10、O2油源 6TZ4515-TZ52 分析,辩证地看待前人的观点和学术流派。只有这样, 8—LN4617—LN2 9- QUN4 18-- DE 才有希望取得地质认识上的新突破,为提高油气勘探 的成功率作出积极的贡献。 24·/(24-+27-降胆甾烷 参考文献 □海相油和油砂 I England W A, Mann d M and Quigley T M. The movement and 19-TZ1 EO1岩石 EO油源 tratment of petroleum fluids in the subsurface. Joumal of the O-YW LN4王 O-岩石 Geological Society, London, igs, 144: 327--347 3-7z2+03和HC→p 22- HaIs n 2 Larter SR and Harstad L. Migration of hydrocarbons into Brent Group ∷:∴ reservirs, some observations fmm the Gullfaks Fields, Tampen Spu 4- LG Area No th Sea. In: Morton A C(ed). Geology of Brent group Ge a! Siciy of london, Special Publication 61, 1992.441 287Z16议0 29—LNS9油 3 Li M, Larter S R and Frolow E B. Adsorptive interactions between C→岩石 (t) petroleum nitrogen compounds and organic/mineral phases in +-甲基甾烷/(4-+3-)甲基甾烷 nitrogen compounds in petroleum during petroleum migration. Journal 图11塔里木盆地原油中的断代生物标志物 of High Resolution Chromatography, 1994, 17: 230-236 指示的海相主力油源岩时代图 Li M, Larter s R, Stoddart D, et al., Fractionation of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds in petroleum during migration: Derivation of 在桑株以东胜利和田露头区,笔者等对大多数石 migration-related geochemical parameters. In: Cubitt JM england 炭-二叠系油苗、油气显示和许多原认为是油源岩的样 W A(eds ) The Geochemistry of Reservoirs. Geological Society of London, Special Publication No 品中的可溶烃类进行了分析,利用断代生物标志物判 5 Larter S R, Bowler B, Li M, et al., Benzocarbazoles as molecular 断,它们几乎全为运移烃类(许多地化特征与麦盖提斜 indicators of secondary oil migration distance. Nature, 1996, 383: 593 坡区玛扎塔克构造带玛4井油气可以对比),来源于下 伏、目前无法钻遇的寒武系一下奥陶统{47(见图 6 Peters K E and Moldowan J M. The Biomarker Guide. Prentice hall 11b)。其中那些以往被当作油源岩的样品(包括生物7 Seifert w K and Moldovan J M. Applications of steranes, terpanes and 灰岩、泥页岩和砂岩)有机质丰度极低(有机碳含量 monoaromatics to the maturation, migration and source of crude oils 般在0.5%以下),曾作过大量有机岩石学和层序地层 Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1978, 42 77-95 学研究。由此看来,以往在塔里木盆地对于低有机质 8 Thompson K F M and Kennicutt II M C. Nature and frequency of occurrence of non-thermal alteration processes in offshore Gulf of 丰度碳酸盐岩“油源岩”所作的有机碳恢复以及把生烃 Mexico petroleums, In: Schumacher D and Perkins B v(eds ).Gulf 下限标准降至0.1%以下的认识,有进一步推敲的必 Coast Oils and Gases: Their Characteristics, Origin, Distribution 要。笔者相信,随着对国外海相碳酸盐岩油源岩的逐 Exploration and Prediction Significance Proceedings of the Nineth Annual Research conference, Society of Economic Paleontologists and 渐了解以及断代生标参数的广泛应用,对塔里木盆地 生烃条件和运聚规律的许多看法也会随之改变。 9 Behar F and Vandenbroucke M. Characterisation and quantification of ed inside kerogen Implication for pyrolysat composition. Organic Geochemistry, 1988, 13: 927-938 结语 10 Sandvik E I, Young W A and Curry D J. Expulsion from hydrocarbon ources: the role of organic adsorption. Organic Geochemistry, 1992 在多学科并举互为验证的油气二次运移研究中, 有机地球化学参数一直起着关键性的作用。由本文给11 Charlesworth. Interaction of clay minerals with organic nitrogen compounds released by kerogen pyrolysis Geochimica et Cosmochimica 出的研究实例可以看出,由于沉积盆地的错综复杂性 Acta,1986,50:1431-143 201994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net