CONTENTS Page No. 1.0 POPULAR SUMMARY 3 2.0 REVIEW:ENDOPHYTES IN NZ PASTURES 44 2.3 Pastere Ylroution tes on various aspects of 6 2.4 Pest Protection Persistence:A Summary of the Main Events 2.5 Alkaloid Metabolites Produced by Endophytes 2.6 Variation in Alkaloid Concentrations 89 2.7 PRG Endophytes Animal Health Effects 2.9 Main Chemical Compounds 20 ese arch ent 113131415617 214 cted Stra oxic Endophyte Strains s in the F talian Hybrid Ryeg asses 9 216 Tall Fesc 217 Control Prevention of Endotoxicoses 20 2.18 Conclusion 23 CONCLUSIONS 24 4.0 REFERENCES 25 PAGE2CONTENTS Page No. 1.0 POPULAR SUMMARY 3 2.0 REVIEW: ENDOPHYTES IN NZ PASTURES 4 2.1 Introduction 4 2.2 Endophyte in NZ Pastures 4 2.3 The Effects of Endophytes on Various Aspects of Pasture Yield & Production 5 2.4 Pest Protection & Persistence: A Summary of the Main Events 7 2.5 Alkaloid Metabolites Produced by Endophytes 8 2.6 Variation in Alkaloid Concentrations 9 2.7 PRG Endophytes & Animal Health Effects 11 2.8 Summary of the Main Chemical Compounds 13 2.9 Cattle Research 13 2.10 Horse Research 14 2.11 Seed Management 15 2.12 Endophyte Biology 16 2.13 Selection of Non-Toxic Endophyte Strains 17 2.14 Selected Strains in the Field 17 2.15 Italian & Hybrid Ryegrasses 19 2.16 Tall Fescue 19 2.17 Control & Prevention of Endotoxicoses 20 2.18 Conclusion 23 3.0 CONCLUSIONS 24 4.0 REFERENCES 25 PAGE 2