9.1 LOCAL EFFECTS 9.1.1 Definitions Healing Process of restoration of injured tissue Healing by First Intention(also referred to as primary and direct healing Restoration of continuity of injured tissue without the intervention of granulation tissue Examples are the healing of a scalpel incision in soft tissue or the healing in the very narrow gap (perhaps 2 cell diameters, 20 m) between the fragments of a fractured bone that have been re- approximated Healing by Second Intention: Healing involving granulation tissue filling the gap(defect)in the injured tissue Inflammation Dorland's dictionary definition and Pathologic Basis of Disease) A localized response elicited by injury or destruction of vascularized tissues, which serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off (sequester) both the injurious agent and the injured tissue. It is characterized in the acute form by the classical signs of pain( dolor), heat(calor), redness(rubor) swelling(tumor), and loss of function(functiolaesa). It is caused by injurious agents: biological agents(bacteria), physical agents(heat and mechanical trauma), chemical agents(small toxic molecules and immunogenic macromolecules). The role of inflammation is to contain the injury and facilitate healing. Unresolved inflammation can be harmful The end result of healing is scar Regeneration The end result of healing is tissue similar to the original tissue A semi-solid mass of blood platelets and blood cells in a fibrin matrix9.1 LOCAL EFFECTS 9.1.1 Definitions Healing Process of restoration of injured tissue. Healing by First Intention (also referred to as primary and direct healing): Restoration of continuity of injured tissue without the intervention of granulation tissue Examples are the healing of a scalpel incision in soft tissue or the healing in the very narrow gap (perhaps 2 cell diameters , 20 m) between the fragments of a fractured bone that have been re￾approximated. Healing by Second Intention: Healing involving granulation tissue filling the gap (defect) in the injured tissue. Inflammation (Dorland's dictionary definition and Pathologic Basis of Disease) A localized response elicited by injury or destruction of vascularized tissues, which serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off (sequester) both the injurious agent and the injured tissue. It is characterized in the acute form by the classical signs of pain (dolor), heat (calor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), and loss of function (functiolaesa). It is caused by injurious agents: biological agents (bacteria), physical agents (heat and mechanical trauma), chemical agents (small toxic molecules and immunogenic macromolecules). The role of inflammation is to contain the injury and facilitate healing. Unresolved inflammation can be harmful. Repair The end result of healing is scar. Regeneration The end result of healing is tissue similar to the original tissue. Clot A semi-solid mass of blood platelets and blood cells in a fibrin matrix