Its origins may be traced to o the economic rise of the middle class struggling to free itself from feudal and monarchical restrictions the individualism of the renaissance o the reformation, which was based on the belief in an immediate relationship between man and God the scientific deism(自然神论), which emphasized the deity's(上帝) benevolence, 合Its origins may be traced to : ❖ the economic rise of the middle class, struggling to free itself from feudal and monarchical restrictions; ❖ the individualism of the Renaissance; ❖ the Reformation, which was based on the belief in an immediate relationship between man and God; ❖ the scientific deism(自然神论), which emphasized the deity’s(上帝) benevolence;