In the case of ideal observation H(1,0,…,0) (0log0=0) k Let n=2, p=p, the base of logarithm takes the value 2 and H(1/2, 1/2)=I bit, then kl. Therefore we have P1,…,R)=Hsp1,…,)=- p log p(bitI(p , …, p ) = H (p , …, p ) - H (1, 0, …, 0) = H (p , …, p ) = - k S S S 1 N 1 N 1 N i=1 N p log p i i Let N=2, p = p , the base of logarithm takes the value 2 and H (1/2, 1/2) = 1 bit, then k=1. Therefore we have In the case of ideal observation I(p , …, p ) = H (p , …, p ) = - p log p i i i=1 N 1 N S 1 N (bits) (0 log 0 = 0)