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D0L:10.13374/.issn1001-053x.2011.07.014 第33卷第7期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.33 No.7 2011年7月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jul.2011 不同类型黄铜矿的生物浸出研究 傅开彬2)林海,2)四 莫晓兰12) 董颖博2) 周立12 1)北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京1000832)北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教有部重点实验室,北京100083 ☒通信作者,E-mail:linhai@ces.usth.cdu.cn 摘要研究了两种不同类型(黄铁矿型,斑岩型)黄铜矿生物浸出的差异.实验结果表明:两类黄铜矿生物浸出差别很大, 48d后黄铁矿型黄铜矿浸出率为46.96%,斑岩型黄铜矿浸出率为14.5%.对Fe2·、矿物表面C2即谱图和矿床特征的分析发 现:适量的2·能促进黄铜矿的浸出,但最佳用量不一样:浸渣表面产物不同,斑岩型黄铜矿表面出现富铜层,阻碍了浸出 继续进行:与原矿相比,铜结合能都降低,符合Hiroyoshi等提出黄铜矿浸出的两步溶解模型:两类黄铜矿生物浸出的差异是 由成矿旷岩体、围岩、伴生矿物和元素、成矿温度和压力等因素综合决定的 关键词黄铜矿:生物浸出:矿床特征:结合能 分类号TD925.5 Study on bioleaching of different types of chalcopyrite FU Kai-bin!2),LIN Hai,MO Xiao-an'2,DONG Ying-bo'2),ZHOU Li2) 1)School of Civil and Environmental Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Bei- jing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:linhai@ces.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Bioleaching of chalcopyrite with two different types,pyrite type and porphyry type,was compared.It is shown that there is a great difference in leaching efficiency.After 48d,the copper leaching rate reaches 46.96%for the pyritic chalcopyrite, while it is 14.5%for the porphyry chalcopyrite.Based on the analysis of Fe2',Cu 2p spectra on the chalcopyrite surface and deposit characteristics,a moderate amount of Fecan promote bioleaching of the two kinds of chalcopyrite,but their optimal dosages are dis- tinct.Different products appear on the surfaces of leached residues,and there is a copper-rich layer on the porphyry chalcopyrite, which hinders a greater copper extraction.Compared with the crude ore,Cu peak shift to lower binding energies was observed,follow- ing the leaching mechanism suggested by Hiroyoshi et al.the difference in bio-eaching between them is dependent on the integration of many factors such as metallogenic rock,wall rock,associated minerals and elements,metallogenic temperature and pressure. KEY WORDS chalcopyrite:bioleaching:deposit characteristics:binding energy 世界铜成矿类型多样,按其地质一工业类型可 界己知铜矿储量的70%司.多年来,黄铜矿的浸出 分为斑岩型、砂页岩型、铜镍硫化物型、黄铁矿型、 一直是硫化铜矿湿法治金的核心,也是微生物浸出 铜一铀一金型、自然铜型、脉型、碳酸岩型和矽卡岩 的难题,常温细菌(如Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) 型四.据统计,全球铜矿以斑岩型为主,占总储量 氧化浸出几乎是不成功的,一方面由于黄铜矿的特 的55.3%,其次为砂页岩型铜矿(29.2%)、黄铁矿 殊结构,另一方面由于矿物表面形成了钝化层,导 型(VHM)(8.8%)和铜镍硫化物型(3.1%)铜矿, 致铜的浸出率低,速度慢0.Qu等的采用生物浸 还存在少量的铜一铀一金型、玄武岩型和自然铜 出永平铜利矿的黄铜刊矿,浸出率没有超过12%; 等 Karimi等采用A.Ferrooxidans(ATCC19859)浸出 黄铜矿是储量最丰富的原生硫化铜矿,约占世 南非帕拉博拉铜矿的黄铜矿精矿,浸出率仅为 收稿日期:201007-26 基金项目:北京市教有委员会共建项目建设计划资助项目(No.XK100080432)第 33 卷 第 7 期 2011 年 7 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 33 No. 7 Jul. 2011 不同类型黄铜矿的生物浸出研究 傅开彬1,2) 林 海1,2)  莫晓兰1,2) 董颖博1,2) 周 立1,2) 1) 北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京 100083  通信作者,E-mail: linhai@ ces. ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 研究了两种不同类型( 黄铁矿型,斑岩型) 黄铜矿生物浸出的差异. 实验结果表明: 两类黄铜矿生物浸出差别很大, 48 d 后黄铁矿型黄铜矿浸出率为 46. 96% ,斑岩型黄铜矿浸出率为 14. 5% . 对 Fe 2 + 、矿物表面 Cu2p 谱图和矿床特征的分析发 现: 适量的 Fe 2 + 能促进黄铜矿的浸出,但最佳用量不一样; 浸渣表面产物不同,斑岩型黄铜矿表面出现富铜层,阻碍了浸出 继续进行; 与原矿相比,铜结合能都降低,符合 Hiroyoshi 等提出黄铜矿浸出的两步溶解模型; 两类黄铜矿生物浸出的差异是 由成矿岩体、围岩、伴生矿物和元素、成矿温度和压力等因素综合决定的. 关键词 黄铜矿; 生物浸出; 矿床特征; 结合能 分类号 TD925. 5 Study on bioleaching of different types of chalcopyrite FU Kai-bin1,2) ,LIN Hai 1,2)  ,MO Xiao-lan1,2) ,DONG Ying-bo 1,2) ,ZHOU Li 1,2) 1) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2) Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Bei￾jing,Beijing 100083,China  Corresponding author,E-mail: linhai@ ces. ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT Bioleaching of chalcopyrite with two different types,pyrite type and porphyry type,was compared. It is shown that there is a great difference in leaching efficiency. After 48 d,the copper leaching rate reaches 46. 96% for the pyritic chalcopyrite, while it is 14. 5% for the porphyry chalcopyrite. Based on the analysis of Fe 2 + ,Cu 2p spectra on the chalcopyrite surface and deposit characteristics,a moderate amount of Fe 2 + can promote bioleaching of the two kinds of chalcopyrite,but their optimal dosages are dis￾tinct. Different products appear on the surfaces of leached residues,and there is a copper-rich layer on the porphyry chalcopyrite, which hinders a greater copper extraction. Compared with the crude ore,Cu peak shift to lower binding energies was observed,follow￾ing the leaching mechanism suggested by Hiroyoshi et al. the difference in bio-leaching between them is dependent on the integration of many factors such as metallogenic rock,wall rock,associated minerals and elements,metallogenic temperature and pressure. KEY WORDS chalcopyrite; bioleaching; deposit characteristics; binding energy 收稿日期: 2010--07--26 基金项目: 北京市教育委员会共建项目建设计划资助项目( No. XK100080432) 世界铜成矿类型多样,按其地质--工业类型可 分为斑岩型、砂页岩型、铜镍硫化物型、黄铁矿型、 铜--铀--金型、自然铜型、脉型、碳酸岩型和矽卡岩 型[1]. 据统计,全球铜矿以斑岩型为主,占总储量 的 55. 3% ,其次为砂页岩型铜矿( 29. 2% ) 、黄铁矿 型( VHM) ( 8. 8% ) 和铜镍硫化物型( 3. 1% ) 铜矿, 还存在少量的铜--铀--金 型、玄武岩型和自然铜 等[2]. 黄铜矿是储量最丰富的原生硫化铜矿,约占世 界已知铜矿储量的 70%[3]. 多年来,黄铜矿的浸出 一直是硫化铜矿湿法冶金的核心,也是微生物浸出 的难题,常温细菌( 如 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) 氧化浸出几乎是不成功的,一方面由于黄铜矿的特 殊结构,另一方面由于矿物表面形成了钝化层,导 致铜的浸出率低,速度慢[4]. Qiu 等[5]采用生物浸 出永平铜矿的黄铜矿,浸出率没有超过 12% ; Karimi等[6]采用 At. Ferrooxidans ( ATCC19859) 浸出 南非帕拉博拉铜矿的黄铜矿精矿,浸 出 率 仅 为 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.07.014
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