工程科学学报，第40卷，第12期：1454-1467,2018年12月 Chinese Joural of Engineering,Vol.40,No.12:1454-1467,December 2018 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.12.003;http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 金属塑性成形中的韧性断裂微观机理及预测模型的研 究进展 贾 哲，移磊，臧勇 北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:yzang(@usth.cd.cm 摘要为实现汽车轻量化，同时保证其具有较好的碰撞安全性，高强度-质量比金属板材在汽车制造领域得到了广泛的应 用.然而，在传统冲压成形过程中，上述板材（如先进高强钢、铝合金和镁合金等）会出现无明显缩颈的韧性断裂行为.特别是 发生在纯剪切加载路径附近的剪切型韧性断裂行为超出了传统缩颈型成形极限图的预测范围.此外，在近些年来快速发展的 单点渐进成形中，缩颈失稳被抑制，取而代之的则是无明显缩颈的韧性断裂.以上问题对基于缩颈失稳的传统成形极限分析 方法提出了新的挑战，同时也限制了高强度-质量比金属板材的应用及其新型成形工艺的研发.为此，世界各国学者开始普遍 关注金属材料韧性断裂预测模型的开发及其应用研究.本文首先从孔洞的演化行为方面出发，对金属韧性断裂的微观机理研 究进行了介绍.随后重点评述了韧性断裂预测模型的研究进展和应用现状.最后，对韧性断裂研究的发展趋势进行了展望 本文可以为金属韧性断裂模型的选择、应用及其开发提供有益参考 关键词成形极限；韧性断裂：耦合模型；非耦合模型：孔洞演化 分类号TG113.25·4 Research progress on the micro-mechanism and prediction models of ductile fracture in metal forming JIA Zhe,MU Lei,ZANG Yong School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:yzang@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Metals with a high strength-to-weight ratio are being increasingly used in the automobile industry to achieve a reasonable tradeoff between weight reduction,crashworthiness,fuel efficiency,and environmental friendliness.However,sheets of lightweight metals such as advanced high strength steel,aluminum alloy,magnesium alloy,and titanium alloy,tend to crack without obvious neck- ing during widely-used stamping processes.In particular,so-called shear-induced ductile fracture,which occurs near the pure shear loading path,exceeds the prediction spectrum of traditional necking-based forming limit curves.In addition,the single point incremen- tal forming(SPIF)process,which is currently under rapid development because of its high flexibility in rapid prototyping or custom- ized production process,demonstrates a strong necking suppression.Consequently,ductile fracture without distinct necking has been considered as the forming limit for SPIF.Although the classical forming limit prediction approach,which is,in principle,based on necking instability,has been widely applied as a standard solution for predicting failures in the process of sheet-metal forming,it barely provides feasible solutions to the aforementioned issues.This limitation greatly restricts the application of lightweight materials and the development of novel forming processes.Therefore,researchers have devoted increasing attention to accurately predicting the ductile fracture of metallic materials.In the current paper,we first review studies related to the micro-mechanisms that trigger ductile fracture. We then systematically review ductile fracture prediction models in two categories:coupled models and uncoupled models.Model appli- 收稿日期：2018-06-26工程科学学报,第 40 卷,第 12 期:1454鄄鄄1467,2018 年 12 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 40, No. 12: 1454鄄鄄1467, December 2018 DOI: 10. 13374 / j. issn2095鄄鄄9389. 2018. 12. 003; http: / / journals. ustb. edu. cn 金属塑性成形中的韧性断裂微观机理及预测模型的研 究进展 贾 哲, 穆 磊, 臧 勇苣 北京科技大学机械工程学院, 北京 100083 苣 通信作者,E鄄mail: yzang@ ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 为实现汽车轻量化,同时保证其具有较好的碰撞安全性,高强度鄄鄄质量比金属板材在汽车制造领域得到了广泛的应 用. 然而,在传统冲压成形过程中,上述板材(如先进高强钢、铝合金和镁合金等)会出现无明显缩颈的韧性断裂行为. 特别是 发生在纯剪切加载路径附近的剪切型韧性断裂行为超出了传统缩颈型成形极限图的预测范围. 此外,在近些年来快速发展的 单点渐进成形中,缩颈失稳被抑制,取而代之的则是无明显缩颈的韧性断裂. 以上问题对基于缩颈失稳的传统成形极限分析 方法提出了新的挑战,同时也限制了高强度鄄鄄质量比金属板材的应用及其新型成形工艺的研发. 为此,世界各国学者开始普遍 关注金属材料韧性断裂预测模型的开发及其应用研究. 本文首先从孔洞的演化行为方面出发,对金属韧性断裂的微观机理研 究进行了介绍. 随后重点评述了韧性断裂预测模型的研究进展和应用现状. 最后,对韧性断裂研究的发展趋势进行了展望. 本文可以为金属韧性断裂模型的选择、应用及其开发提供有益参考. 关键词 成形极限; 韧性断裂; 耦合模型; 非耦合模型; 孔洞演化 分类号 TG113郾 25 + 4 收稿日期: 2018鄄鄄06鄄鄄26 Research progress on the micro鄄mechanism and prediction models of ductile fracture in metal forming JIA Zhe, MU Lei, ZANG Yong 苣 School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 苣 Corresponding author, E鄄mail: yzang@ ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT Metals with a high strength鄄to鄄weight ratio are being increasingly used in the automobile industry to achieve a reasonable tradeoff between weight reduction, crashworthiness, fuel efficiency, and environmental friendliness. However, sheets of lightweight metals such as advanced high strength steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and titanium alloy, tend to crack without obvious neck鄄 ing during widely鄄used stamping processes. In particular, so鄄called shear鄄induced ductile fracture, which occurs near the pure shear loading path, exceeds the prediction spectrum of traditional necking鄄based forming limit curves. In addition, the single point incremen鄄 tal forming (SPIF) process, which is currently under rapid development because of its high flexibility in rapid prototyping or custom鄄 ized production process, demonstrates a strong necking suppression. Consequently, ductile fracture without distinct necking has been considered as the forming limit for SPIF. Although the classical forming limit prediction approach, which is, in principle, based on necking instability, has been widely applied as a standard solution for predicting failures in the process of sheet鄄metal forming, it barely provides feasible solutions to the aforementioned issues. This limitation greatly restricts the application of lightweight materials and the development of novel forming processes. Therefore, researchers have devoted increasing attention to accurately predicting the ductile fracture of metallic materials. In the current paper, we first review studies related to the micro鄄mechanisms that trigger ductile fracture. We then systematically review ductile fracture prediction models in two categories: coupled models and uncoupled models. Model appli鄄