G,=Gn+△G G N△U+MT[nC+-1n(1-C)+=]=0 aC △U △H-T△S,) RT RT m—Nm—N △U/RT G or Cy Ae( or Fcc a≈1) △U/RT NN e △U/Rr T△S n,:the number of vacancies per cm N: the number of atoms per cm3] 0 1 1 [ln ln(1 ) 0                C C C C C N U NkT C C G Gv G Gv  RT H T S RT U C C v v v ( ) 1 ln          G G0 C C m TS U RT v e N n C    (for FCC A≈1) H kT v Ae N n C  or   U RT n Ne    U RT v v n N e    Ø Ø Ø nv : the number of vacancies per cm3 . Nv : the number of atoms per cm3