CNS Pre-ganglionic Ganglion Post-ganglionic Parasympathetic Ach Ach lelueJo Cardiac smooth muscles,gland cells. Nicotinic Muscarinic nerve terminals Sympathetic Cardiac smooth muscles,gland cells, alpha,beta nerve terminals Sympathetic ....Ach Sweat glands Muscarinic Sympathetic D Renal vascular D: smooth muscle Sympathetic(adrenal medulla) Ach Epi bebgeadno Motor(somatic) Ach Skeletal muscle Nicotinic D=dopamine Epi=epinephrine NE=norepinephrine Distribution and functions of AR relating to antihypertensive drug treatment: a1:postsynaptic effector cells,especially smooth muscle Vasoconstriction,relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle,hepatic glycogenolysis a2 presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals,platelets,lipocytes,smooth muscle Inhibition of transmitter release,platelet aggregation,contraction of smooth muscle B1 postsynaptic effector cells:heart,lipocytes,brain,presynaptic ad./ch nerve term. Increased cardiac rate force,relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle B2 postsynaptic effector cells:smooth muscle,cardiac muscle Bronchodilation,vasodilation,relaxation of visceral smooth muscle,hepatic glycogenolysis B3 postsynaptic effector cells:lipocytes Lipolysis 77 Thoracolumbar Cranial Sacral CNS Pre-ganglionic Ganglion Post-ganglionic Parasympathetic Ach Nicotinic Ach Nicotinic Ach Nicotinic Ach Nicotinic Ach Nicotinic Epi Sympathetic Sympathetic Sympathetic Sympathetic (adrenal medulla) Motor (somatic) Ach Ach Muscarinic Muscarinic NE alpha,beta D D1 Ach Nicotinic Cardiac & smooth muscles, gland cells, nerve terminals Cardiac & smooth muscles, gland cells, nerve terminals Sweat glands Renal vascular smooth muscle Released into blood Skeletal muscle Ach = acetylcholine D = dopamine Epi = epinephrine NE = norepinephrine α1: postsynaptic effector cells, especially smooth muscle Vasoconstriction, relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle, hepatic glycogenolysis α2 presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals, platelets, lipocytes, smooth muscle Inhibition of transmitter release, platelet aggregation, contraction of smooth muscle β1 postsynaptic effector cells: heart, lipocytes, brain, presynaptic ad./ ch nerve term. Increased cardiac rate & force, relaxation of gastrointestinal smooth muscle β2 postsynaptic effector cells: smooth muscle, cardiac muscle Bronchodilation, vasodilation, relaxation of visceral smooth muscle, hepatic glycogenolysis β3 postsynaptic effector cells: lipocytes Lipolysis Distribution and functions of AR relating to antihypertensive drug treatment: